Ira Berlin is Professor of History at the University of Maryland. His publications include, with Philip D. Morgan The Slaves' Economy: Independent Production by Slaves in the New World and as, chief editor, Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation. Philip D. Morgan is Associate Professor of History at Florida State University. His publications include Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake and Lowcountry and, with Bernard Bailyn, Strangers within the Realm: Cultural Margins of the First British Empire.