William J. Rothwell, Ph.D., SPHR, heads up a graduate specialization in training and human resources in the Workforce Education and Development Program of Learning and Performance Systems on the University Park Campus of The Pennsylvania State University. He is also president of Rothwell & Associates, Inc. (www.rothwell-associates.com), a full-service private consulting firm that specializes in all facets of human performance improvement, and is the author or coauthor of numerous books, including The 2004 ASTD Competency Study Mapping the Future, Improving On-the-Job Training, Competency-Based Human Resource Management, What CEOs Expect from Corporate Training and The Workplace Learner. He lives in State College, Pennsylvania.