PART I. PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION. 1. WHO IS THE COUNSELLOR? WHAT IS COUNSELLING? Guidance, Counselling, and Psychotherapy: Variations on the Same Theme? Comparison of Training and Credentialing of Mental Health Professionals. Roles and Functions of Psychiatrists, Psychologists, Social Workers, Psychiatric Nurses, and Counsellors. Characteristics of the Effective Counsellor. The Effective Counsellor: A Constructive Development Perspective. Professional Associations in the Social Services. Multicultural Issues. Ethical, Professional and Legal Issues. The Counsellor in Process: Personal Therapy and Related Growth Experiences. Summary. References. 2. A HISTORY OF THE COUNSELLING PROFESSION. Understanding the Human Condition: From Early Antiquity to the Present. A Brief History of Related Helping Professions: An Early History of the Counselling Profession: The 1800's. Modern-Day Counselling: Its Recent Past (1950 - 2,000). Chapter Overview: Do We Have to Memorize All Those Names? Multicultural Issue: Learning from the Past, Moving toward the Future. Ethical, Professional, and Legal Issues in Counselling. The Counsellor in Process: Looking Back, Looking Ahead, and Paradigm Shifts. Summary. References. 3. STANDARDS IN THE PROFESSION: ETHICS, ACCREDITATION, AND CREDENTIALING. Accreditation. Credentialing. History and Current Status of Credentialing in Related Helping Professions. History and Current Status of Credentialing for Counsellors. Multicultural Issues: How Our Standards Address Multicultural Counselling. Ethical, Professional, and Legal Issues in Counselling. The Counsellor in Process: A Lifelong Commitment to Professionalism. Summary. References. PART II. THE HELPING RELATIONSHIP I: THEORIES AND SKILLS. 4. INDIVIDUAL APPROACHES TO COUNSELLING. Why Have a Theory of Counselling? Four Conceptual Orientations to Counselling and Psychotherapy. Jung's Analytical Psychology. Adlerian Therapy. Mahler's Object-Relations Approach. Existential-Humanistic Approaches. Behavioural Approaches. Cognitive Approaches. Current Theoretical Trends. Multicultural Issues. Ethical, Professional, and Legal Issues. The Counsellor in Process: Embracing a Theory But Open to Change. Summary. References. 5. COUNSELLING SKILLS. The Counselling Environment. Conceptualizing Client Problems: Case Conceptualization. Stages of the Counselling Relationship. Theory, Skills, Stages, and Case Conceptualization: A Reciprocal Relationship. Case Notes and Record Keeping. Multicultural Issue: Applying Skills Cross-Culturally. Ethical, Professional, and Legal Issues. The Counsellor in Process: The Developmental Nature of Counselling Skills. Summary. References. PART III. THE HELPING RELATIONSHIP II: THE COUNSELLOR WORKING IN SYSTEMS. 6. FAMILY COUNSELLING. Family Counselling: What Is It? Does It Work? General Systems theory. Stress in Families. Dysfunctional and Healthy Families. Models of Family Therapy. Multicultural Issue: Points to Consider when working with Minority Families.
