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Managing Multiculturalism Jean E. Jackson

Managing Multiculturalism von Jean E. Jackson

Managing Multiculturalism Jean E. Jackson

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Managing Multiculturalism Zusammenfassung

Managing Multiculturalism: Indigeneity and the Struggle for Rights in Colombia Jean E. Jackson

Indigenous people in Colombia constitute a mere three percent of the national population. Colombian indigenous communities' success in gaining collective control of almost thirty percent of the national territory is nothing short of extraordinary. In Managing Multiculturalism, Jean E. Jackson examines the evolution of the Colombian indigenous movement over the course of her forty-plus years of research and fieldwork, offering unusually developed and nuanced insight into how indigenous communities and activists changed over time, as well as how she the ethnographer and scholar evolved in turn.

The story of how indigenous organizing began, found its voice, established alliances, and won battles against the government and the Catholic Church has important implications for the indigenous cause internationally and for understanding all manner of rights organizing. Integrating case studies with commentaries on the movement's development, Jackson explores the politicization and deployment of multiculturalism, indigenous identity, and neoliberalism, as well as changing conceptions of cultural value and authenticity-including issues such as patrimony, heritage, and ethnic tourism. Both ethnography and recent history of the Latin American indigenous movement, this works traces the ideas motivating indigenous movements in regional and global relief, and with unprecedented breadth and depth.

Managing Multiculturalism Bewertungen

Engaging, informed, and provocative, this book is a must-read from one of the leading lights of indigenous studies. Jean Jackson brings five decades of work with indigenous people to bear on contemporary debates. Managing Multiculturalism offers a major intervention into legal pluralism, reindigenization, and multiculturalist discourses. -- Andrew Canessa * University of Essex *
A deep and impressive work of historical ethnography. With tact and critical rigor, Jean Jackson interrogates her own changing attitudes over a half-century of research in Colombia. The result is an acute analysis of new performances of 'indigeneity' that renew and reinvent old traditions in contexts of neoliberal multiculturalism. Jackson offers provocative stories and resonant images that force us to grapple with the paradoxes and contradictions of entangled cultural transformation. Never content with simple answers, she sustains an engaged, self-critical realism, open to surprise and contingency. -- James Clifford * author of Returns: Becoming Indigenous in the Twenty-First Century *
Managing Multiculturalism is a powerful braided narrative. Jean Jackson traces, how, over time, indigenous people in Colombia have struggled to define themselves, constructing notions of cultural belonging that are increasingly tied to ever more complex political structures and legal foundations. Jackson also uses the recent history of indigenous identity formation as a frame for questioning the development of her own ideas about cultural authenticity, pointing out the limitations that ethnographers and other social analysts-both Colombian and from the global North-have faced over the years in trying to square the circle, by unsuccessfully forcing a multifarious process to conform to anthropological notions of culture. Taking readers by the hand and leading them, step by step, through the analytical quandaries she faced and the mistakes she confesses to have made, Jackson uses her personal experience to expose the fault-lines of indigenous studies. -- Joanne Rappaport * Georgetown University *
[Jackson] provides a nuanced, personal account of how the goals of indigenous communities and local community activists have changed over time.Managing Multiculturalism is an impressive work of historical ethnography and amply demonstrates the fruitfulness of long-term ethnographic research.--S. D. Glazier, Choice
Jackson's highly readable monograph makes an important contribution to the literature about ethnicity, identity formation, and interstate and ethnic-minority relations....[It] offers a much-needed look into the political organization of indigenous groups in the tropical forest. -- Brett Troyan * Journal of Interdisciplinary History *
[A] provocative meditation on the struggle for Indigenous recognition in Colombia....Jackson, one of the leading anthropologists of Latin America, brings five decades of experience to bear in telling this story. [Her] commitment to Colombia and its Indigenous movement(s) is clear. -- Maria Elena Garcia * Native American and Indigenous Studies Journal *
While multiculturalism is often considered a rather innocuous if circular concept that 'does' what it 'is,' Jackson deftly illustrates multiple ways that it is edgily ideological and often cynically governmental, focused as much or more on containment and control as on acceptance and plurality....Managing Multiculturalism more than succeeds in illuminating the value of reflective and engaged anthropological work over the long span of a career that provides intellectual, analytical, and testimonial dimensions to cultural survival and indigenous human rights in the Americas. -- Kathleen S. Fine-Dare * American Ethnologist *
[Offers] valuable insight on indigenous politics in Colombia. Jackson expertly deploys the concept of indigeneity to tie together a broader reflection on the evolution of her 'object of study, methodology, and theoretical approach' and reviews in great detail over four decades of rights development and indigenous cultural politics. -- Marcela Velasco * Revista de Estudios Colombianos *
Jackson's historical analysis provides useful elements for tracing the entanglements of indigenous strategies and complex, often contradictory, political and legal contexts....[The] rich examples and informed, thought-provoking discussion of how the meanings and performances of indigeneity have changed over time make Managing Multiculturalism a must-read for anyone interested in indigenous studies and in broader questions about cultural difference. -- Giovanna Micarelli * Wasafiri *
Jean Jackson's Managing Multiculturalism... is an insightful and compelling appraisal of the organization and mobilization by indigenous people in Colombia since the 1970s as a distinctive indigenous movement. For Jackson, this process has been both cause and effect of a broader one: a notable shift among Colombians from anxiety about, to celebration of indigenous belonging. -- Sebastian De La Rosa Carriazo * H-LatAm *

Über Jean E. Jackson

Jean E. Jackson is Professor Emerita of Anthropology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her books include Indigenous Movements, Self-Representation and the State in Latin America (2002), co-edited with Kay B. Warren, and Camp Pain: Talking with Chronic Pain Patients (2000).

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Contents and AbstractsIntroduction: chapter abstract

The introductory chapter presents the book's rationale: an exploration of indigeneity in Colombia, in particular how and why the indigenous movement was able to accomplish so much, especially with respect to territorial rights-claiming, given that indigenous people constitute only a small part of the national population. A brief history of indigenous activism in Latin America is provided, followed by a brief presentation of Colombia's history vis-a-vis its indigenous communities. The armed conflict is discussed, along with the development of official multiculturalism, constitutional reform, and changing notions of citizenship and of the state itself. The discussion then moves to an introduction to the author's five decades of ethnographic research in the country. Definitions of key terms follow (multiculturalism, neoliberalism, identity, culture, and indigeneity), and an outline of the chapters.

1Indigenous Colombia chapter abstract

This chapter begins with a brief history of indigenous organizing in Colombia, followed by discussion of the shift to official multiculturalism during the 1980s, which culminated in the 1991 constitution. The significance of constitutional reform for the country's indigenous communities, which reversed decades of assimilationist policies, greatly strengthened customary law (legal pluralism, also known as special jurisdiction), and promoted legislation that eventually handed over almost 30 percent of national territory to the country's indigenous communities, is discussed. Changing notions of citizenship are also examined, along with the crucial role of two new institutions, the Constitutional Court and the Accion de Tutela, a writ for the immediate protection of constitutional rights. A brief introduction to the country's Afro-Colombians, along with an examination of official recognition of rights for Black communities as compared to those for indigenous communities, concludes the chapter.

2Tukanoan Culture and the Issue of Culture chapter abstract

This chapter examines the challenges to anthropological theories of culture posed by political organizing around cultural and ethnic rights. The evolution of the Regional Indigenous Council of the Vaupes, CRIVA, illustrates many of the difficulties activists (and NGOs and state functionaries) encounter when they deploy culture for political ends. Jackson also touches on postmodern questions about authorial reflexivity and ethnographic representation in an account of her search for an analytic approach that would avoid giving the impression that she was judging CRIVA's representations of Tukanoan culture in an entirely negative manner. The chapter explores the question of how to conduct research on these sensitive topics without inciting opprobrium in research communities, as well as in the larger activist and scholarly communities.

3The State's Presence in the Vaupes Increases chapter abstract

This chapter examines local implementation of national multiculturalist policies in the Vaupes (Northwest Amazon), a previously neglected region that has experienced a significant increase in national and international interest because of its high proportion of indigenous inhabitants. The chapter first discusses the shifting status of the hunter-gatherer people known as Nukak, a change due to their newly valorized identity as authentic, radically indigenous Others, as well as the impact of new discourses of equality and indigenous brotherhood that were entering the region. The chapter discusses the consequences of the differential degrees of indigenousness attributed to the Nukak and two other pueblos living in neighboring Guaviare, contradicting the state's assumption that all native communities are equally indigenous.

4The Indigenous Movement and Rights chapter abstract

This chapter begins by describing a nationwide crisis in which indigenous activists occupied numerous government offices throughout Colombia, which revealed pressures on the indigenous movement to move from a discourse of generic indigenous militancy to one of rights-claiming based on culture-specific difference and traditional leadership. The chapter then discusses examples of clashes between Western criminal law and indigenous communities' traditions concerning judging, sentencing, and punishing wrongdoers, a result of the constitution's recognition of the special indigenous jurisdiction. These examples highlight the complexities of legal pluralism and the need to examine how a community either rejects or revises and adopts human rights discourses.

5Reindigenization and Its Discontents chapter abstract

This chapter discusses several communities working to recover their indigenous identity-a process known as reindigenization. Unlike many classes of people claiming rights whose membership in their class is fairly straightforward (e.g., women), people claiming indigenous rights may be challenged as not indigenous, or not indigenous enough. Given the Colombian constitution's lack of criteria for determining indigenousness and the ever-increasing volume of petitions requesting official recognition, the government has issued ever-more stringent requirements. Established communities also resisted reindigenizing projects, illustrating how, as indigenousness becomes associated with cultural and political capital, its boundaries become more closely policed. The chapter also discusses the links between indigeneity and heritage, patrimony, and marketing discourses, in particular UNESCO's notion of intangible heritage, as well as urban reindigenization efforts in two communities that self-identify as Muisca. These cases shed light on the issue of authenticity, in particular the role of anthropologists as authenticators.

Conclusion: Indigeneity's Ironies and Contradictions chapter abstract

This concluding chapter reviews the book's major points, one of them being what the Colombian case, with its small minority of indigenous citizens, can contribute to the literature on Latin American indigenous movements. Other points reviewed include the circularity inescapable in the cultural politics of indigeneity, in which culture is a right but also a site from which to claim rights; notions of authentic indigeneity, especially with respect to reindigenization; state multiculturalism and the consequences of constitutional reform; the role of broad national support for indigenous rights; Colombia's version of legal pluralism; the evolution of conceptions of cultural value and authenticity; public perceptions of indigenous communities, activists, and issues; stereotypes of indigeneity; ethnographic ethics; and the role of anthropologists as arbiters of authentic indigenous culture (who qualifies as indigenous, and who gets to decide?).

Zusätzliche Informationen

GOR013711036
9781503607699
1503607690
Managing Multiculturalism: Indigeneity and the Struggle for Rights in Colombia Jean E. Jackson
Jean E. Jackson
Gebraucht - Wie Neu
Broschiert
Stanford University Press
20190212
328
N/A
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