Physiology, as part of The National Medical Series for Independent Study, represents a unique approach to the teaching of physiologic concepts. The text is designed for students of medicine and other health sciences as well as graduate physicians. Physiology is a comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of physiologic principles focusing on both normal and pathophysiologic aspects of human physiology. The outline format of the book provides a coherent, organized framework for study, which saves the reader time in learning or reviewing the conceptual and factual core of this discipline. Therefore, this book is equally useful as a supplementary textbook for a formal course and as a review book for independent study.