Preface Introduction The organization of the book Selecting material PART 1 PRELIMINARIES AND EARLY HISTORY 1. Criminology, crime and deviance: some preliminaries Key themes Good old common sense Setting the scene Criminology Crime Deviance Selected further reading 2. Measuring crime and criminality Key themes Official statistics The 'dark figures' of crim Public reporting Changes in the law The role of the police Ways of seeing The implications for criminal statistics Victim surveys The usefulness of criminal statistics Local crime surveys and left realism 3. Criminology and criminologists up to World War Two Key themes Tree of sin, tree of knowledge The criminological tree of knowledge: sepearating the treee from the wood Classicism and positivism Positivist criminology The turn of the century to the 1930s Eugenics Selected further reading PART II WORLD WAR TWO TO THE MID-1960s 4. The discipline of criminology and its context - 1 Key themes The emergence of criminology Sociological criminology Sociological criminology in Britain from the 1950s to the mid-1960s Sociological criminology in the United States Selected further reading 5. Social disorganization and anomie Key themes The sociology and criminology of Emile Durkheim (1858 - 1917) The Chicago School Mertonian strain theory Selected further reading 6. Strain, subcultures and delinquency Key themes A.K. Cohen: developments in the strain theory R. Cloward and L. Ohlin: opportunity knocks Selected further reading 7. Criminological theory in Britain Key themes American influences Sociological criminology in Britain Developing a British perspective Cultural diversity theory Schools and the 'problem of adjustment' Subcultural theory: taking stock Selected further reading PART III THE MID-1980s TO THE EARLY 1970s 8. The discipline of criminology and its context - 2 Key themes The development of sociological criminology in Britain Teh break with orthodoxy: the new deviancy The New Left Radicals and the new deviancy: the impact on British criminology Selected further reading 9. New deviancy theory: the interactionist approach to deviance Key themes Labelling theory Learning to become 'deviant' Primary and secondary deviancy The amplification of deviance Conceptualizing deviance Criticisms of the new deviancy Selected further reading PART IV THE 1970s 10. The discipline of criminology and its context - 3 Key themes Deviance and politics The sociology of law: making laws, making deviants Criminology in teh 1970s: other directions Orthodox criminology Radical critiques and the growth of the New Right Selected further reading 11. Post-new deviancy and the new criminology Key themes Deviance and power American conflict theory Politicizing deviance Critical criminology Marx and Engels on crime Taylor, Walton and Yound and the politicization of deviance Politiczing deviance: nuts, sluts, preverts ... and revolutonaries? Youth subcultures and politics Critical deviance: deviance, crime and power Phenomenology and criminology Ethnomethodology Control theory Feminist perspective and criminology Selected further reading PART V THE 1980s TO THE MID-1990s 12. The discipline of criminology and its context - 4 Key themes The shift to the right in British politics Criminology's external history Social organization The growth of policy-oriented research The nature and context of research Policy-oriented research and the Left Contemporary British criminology 13. Criminological theory Key themes Mainstream criminology Longitudinal research and criminal careers The historical roots Feminism and criminology Gender and crime Administrative criminology Right-wing criticism Neo-positivism Radical criminology Critical criminology and left realism Final remarks on this period Postscript Selected further reading PART VI THE MID-1990s INTO THE NEW MILLENNIUM 14. The discipline of criminology and its context - 5 Key themes New Labour, old problems Restorative justice Social policy and New Labour Crime prevention, crime reduction and community safety Crime and criminal justice: the wider context Criminology in the new millennium Selected further reading 15. Recent developments in criminological theory Key themes Postmodernist perspectives Feminist perspectives Perspectives on masculinities Control perspectives Cultural perspectives Critical perspectives Final remarks Selected further reading Postscript to Chapter 15 References Name index Subject index
