Between August 1642, when the Royal Standard of King Charles I was raised above Castle Hill at Nottingham, and September 1651, when the second Charles barely managedto escape to France from the bloody chaos of Worcester, three separate civil Wars between the Crown and Parliament were contested. This text is a military history dealing with the operational aspects of these wars, and is based on a combination of original sources and extensive studies of the actual battle fields - battles such as Edgehill, Cropredy, Lostwithiel, Marston Moor and Naseby.