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Part 1 Introduction - expert systems: what is an expert system?; are expert systems different?; current trends towards integration. Part 2 Expert systems and their limitations: the knowledge representation problem; implementation media; the special features of expert systems; good software practice. Part 3 The aims of integrating expert systems into mainstream software: views of expert systems; what is an integrated expert system?; five principles for integration; the pros and cons of integrating expert systems. Part 4 Issues in integration - software engineering: historical trends in software engineering; prototyping vs classical waterfall life-cycle methodology; defining the problem - the need for a complete specification; trends in methodologies and tools - the emergence of CASE; the need for a creative use of tools. Part 5 Issues in integration - human-computer interaction: more than just a pretty interface?; what humans and computers do well; interfaces for the tripartite system model; problem solving by tripartite systems. Part 6 Issues in integration - quality assessment: what is software quality?; measuring information systems quality; the specific problems relating to expert systems; a scheme for system quality measurement. Part 7 Case study I - the JKBS methodology: the problem; the JKBS methodology; two resulting systems; some results from the systems. Part 8 Case study II - organization for combat: the problem; the approach adopted; lessons to be learnt from the OFC experience. Part 9 Case study III - PAYE, an expert database system: expert database systems; the problem; the solution; conclusions. Part 10 Strategies for integrated system design: strategy 1 - structured integrated expert system (IES) methodology; strategy 2 - the data-centred approach; strategy 3 - the prototyping and porting (ProP) approach; other strategies. Part 11 Conclusions: the current situation; the future; the final word.