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Mechanical considerations of work and energy; storage and release of elastic energy in the locomotor system and the stretch shortening cycle; length changes of muscle-tendon units during athletic movements; work and energy influenced by athletic equipment; the three modes of terrestrial locomotion; the pathways for oxygen and substrates; energy and nutrient intake for athletic performance; intensity of cycling and cycle ergometry - power output and energy cost; basic concepts of movement control; muscle activation and movement control; power output and force-velocity properties of muscle; stability and control of aerial movements; movement control and balance in earthbound movements; forces acting on and in human body; force production in human skeletal muscle; mechanical effects of forces acting on bone, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons; biological response to forces acting in the locomotor system; prevention of excessive forces with braces and orthotics; contractile changes and mechanisms of muscle fatigue; stretch-shortening cycle fatigue; muscle fatigue monitored by force, surface mechanomyogram and EMG.