Developing countries in severe economic and political difficulties are being bombarded from all quarters with free-market solutions. How far should they accept these solutions? This book is a careful examination of the counter-revolutionaries in development thinking. John Toye argues that their free market doctrines are not well established in conventional economic logic. He also suggests that an understanding of the nature and limits of government intervention to promote development cannot be derived from economics alone. The dilemmas of current development policy revolve around the question of how to define economic necessity within the framework of political justice.