Currently a professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University, Leonid Kazovsky's career has involved extensive research in wavelength division multiplexing, high-speed optical networks, analog links, phased-array radar, and non-linear effects in optical fibers. He earned his M.S. and Ph.D. in electrical engineering from the Leningrad Institute of Electrical Communications. Sergio Benedetto is a professor of Trasmissione Numerica at Politecnico di Torino, Italy, where he also earned his Ph.D. in electrical engineering. Dr. Benedetto is currently researching coding theory and digital communications over optical fibers. Alan Willner is a professor at the University of Southern California and is a former postdoctoral member of the technical staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories. He earned his B.A. in Physics from Yeshiva University and his M.S. and Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Columbia University.