Part I: HISTORICAL, METHODOLOGICAL, ETHICAL, AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS Introduction and Historical Overview, Michael J. Lambert, Allen E. Bergin and Sol L. Garfield Methodology, Design, and Evaluation in Psychotherapy Research,Phillip C. Kendall, Grayson Holmbeck, and Timothy Verduin Theoretical Challenges to Therapy Practice and Research: The Constraint of Naturalism, Brent D. Slife Methodological Issues in Studying Psychotherapy Processes and Outcomes, Clara E. Hill and Michael J. Lambert Part II: EVALUATING THE INGREDIENTS OFTHERAPEUTIC EFFICACY The Efficacy and Effectiveness of Psychotherapy, Michael J. Lambert and Benjamin M. Ogles Research on Client Variables in Psychotherapy, John F. Clarkin and Kenneth N. Levy Therapist Variables, Larry E. Beutler, Mary L. Malik, Shabia Alimohamed, T. Mark Harwood, Hani Talebi, Sharon Noble, and Eunice Wong Process and Outcome in Psychotherapy, David E. Orlinsky, M. Helge Ronnestad, and Ulrike Willutzki Part III: MAJOR APPROACHES Behavior Therapy with Adults, Paul M. G. Emmelkamp Cognitive and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies, Steven D. Hollon and Aaron T. Beck Research on Experiential Psychotherapies, Robert K. Elliott, Leslie S. Greenberg and Germain Lietaer Part IV: RESEARCH ON APPLICATIONS IN SPECIAL GROUPS AND SETTINGS Psychotherapy for Children and Adolescents, Alan E. Kazdin Levels of Evidence for the Models and Mechanisms of Therapeutic Change in Family and Couple Therapy, Tomas L. Sexton, James F. Alexander, and Alyson L. Mease Small Group Treatment: Evidence for Effectiveness and Mechanisms of Change, Gary M. Burlingame, K. Roy MacKenzie, and Bernhard Strauss Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology, Thomas L. Creer, Kenneth A. Holroyd, Russell E. Glasgow, and Timothy W. Smith Medication and Psychotherapy, Michael E. Thase and Ripu D. Jindal Research on Psychotherapy with Culturally Diverse Populations, Nolan Zane, Gordon C. Nagayama Hall, Stanley Sue, Kathleen Young, and Joel Nunez Part V: SUMMATION Overview, Trends, and Future Issues, Michael J. Lambert, Sol L. Garfield, and Allen E. Bergin