Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Features.- Epidemiology of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, Aortic Dissection, Intramural Hematoma, and Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcers.- Pathophysiology of Acute Aortic Syndromes.- Aortic Dissection: Clinical Presentation.- Imaging Methods.- Role of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Aortic Dissection.- CT Evaluation of Aortic Dissection.- Role of MRI in the Diagnosis of Aortic Dissection.- Initial Treatment.- Medical Therapy and Acute Surveillance.- Endovascular Therapy in Aortic Pathology.- Cardiovascular Surgery in the Initial Treatment of Aortic Dissection and Acute Aortic Syndromes.- Subsequent Follow-Up and Treatment.- Long-Term Medical Therapy in Aortic Dissection.- Acute Aortic Syndromes: Surveillance with Imaging.- Evaluation and Management of Special Subsets.- Operation for Acute Aortic Dissection in the Octogenarian Patient.- Genetic Disorders Associated with Aortic Dissection.- Aortic Intramural Hematoma: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Evolution.- Evaluation and Management of Traumatic Aortic Lesions.- Future Frontiers.- Future Directions of Aortic Dissection.- Vascular Surgical Options.- Prevention of Aortic Dissection.