As scholars and policymakers around the world seek a systematic approach to the question of 'gig work,' one of its regulatory dimensions the intersection of labor and competition law points toward a deeper reconceptualization of the conventional legal and economic categories typically brought to bear upon it. A comparative approach to the question of gig work further reveals the variety and contingency of background assumptions that are often overlooked in the context of domestic policy debates. By combining a detailed comparative doctrinal survey of the regulation of non-employee workers in domestic competition law systems with a set of essays reframing the underlying questions raised in terms of international legal frameworks, freedom of association norms, alternative approaches to law and economics, and more The Cambridge Handbook of Labor in Competition Law moves the debates over the fissured workplace and the labor competition law intersection forward in novel ways.