Cognitive semantics is an interdisciplinary approach to the study of meaning and mind. The Handbook of Cognitive Semantics is the first reference work in the field. Edited by Thomas Fuyin Li, with a detailed taxonomy of the field by Leonard Talmy, it provides an overview of the basic topics and recent developments. Since its origins, cognitive semantics has grown greatly in the range and depth of its research on conceptual structure in language. The Handbook shows that cognitive semantics has become a mature discipline that advances linguistic meaning to a central place in research on cognition. This is the fourth volume in a set of four. It contains the following parts: Part X: Force and Causation Part XI: Attention Part XII: The Targeting System of Language