1 Function of the Central Catecholaminergic Neuron: Synthesis, Release, and Inactivation of Transmitter.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Analytical Methods.- 2.1. Biological Methods.- 2.2. Histochemical Methods: Mapping of Catecholaminergic Pathways.- 2.3. Electron Microscopy.- 2.4. Chemical Methods.- 3. The Distribution of the Catecholamines.- 4. Storage.- 5. Biosynthesis of Catecholamines.- 5.1. The Enzymes of Catecholamine Biosynthesis.- 6. Regulation of the Biosynthesis.- 6.1. Tyrosine Hydroxylase.- 6.2. Dopa Decarboxylase.- 6.3. Dopamine-?-Hydroxylase.- 6.4. The Effects of Cyclic AMP on Catecholamine Biosynthesis.- 7. The Metabolic Inactivation of Catecholamines.- 7.1. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase.- 7.2. Monoamine Oxidase.- 7.3. Oxidative-Reductive Pathways for Metabolism of Biogenic Aldehyde.- 7.4. Sulfate Conjugate in the Brain.- 8. Turnover of Catecholamines.- 9. The Release of Noradrenaline.- 9.1. The Uptake of Catecholamines.- 10. Some Aspects of the Pharmacology of Brain Catecholamines.- 10.1. Drugs Acting on Biosynthetic and Inactivating Enzymes.- 10.2. Drugs Acting on the Active Uptake.- 10.3. Drugs Acting on Storage of Catecholamines.- 10.4. Drugs Acting on Monoamine Release and Catabolism.- 10.5. Drugs Acting on Monoamine Receptors.- 11. Conclusions.- 12. References.- 2 Catecholamines in Regulation of Motor Function.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Clinical Evidence for the Involvement of Catecholamines in the Control of Movement.- 2.1. Parkinsons Syndrome.- 2.2. Huntingtons Disease.- 2.3. Other Dyskinetic Syndromes.- 3. Animal Models for the Study of Catecholamines and Motor Function.- 3.1. Drugs Which Mimic Catecholaminergic Mechanisms.- 3.2. Destruction of Specific Brain Regions and Fiber Tracts.- 4. Conclusion.- 5. References.- 3 Catecholamines in Behavior and Sensorimotor Integration: The Neostriatal System.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Clinical Considerations.- 3. Behavioral Observations.- 4. Anatomical Studies.- 5. Functional Aspects.- 6. Conclusion.- 7. References.- 4 Catecholamines in Activation, Stereotypy, and Level of Mood.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Behavioral Activation and Stereotypy Induced by Amphetamines in Animals.- 3. Possible Role of Noradrenaline in Behavioral Activation and Stereotypy Induced by Morphine.- 4. Effects of Amphetamines and Neuroleptics on Activation, Stereotypy, and Mood in Humans.- 5. References.- 5 Functional Interrelationships of Principal Catecholaminergic Centers in the Brain.- 1. The Role of Biogenic Amines in the Mediation of Certain Central Nervous System Functions.- 2. Results of the Studies.- 2.1. Biochemical Examinations of Healthy Subjects.- 2.2. Examination of Parkinsonian Patients.- 2.3. Examination of Epileptic Patients.- 3. Discussion.- 4. References.- 6 Tremography as a Measure of Extrapyramidal Function in Study of the Dopamine Hypothesis.- 1. Abnormal Movements in Schizophrenia.- 2. Neuroleptic Action of Antischizophrenic Drugs.- 3. Relation Between Neuroleptic and Therapeutic Actions.- 4. Tremography as a Measure of Extrapyramidal Function.- 5. Study of Neuroleptic and Therapeutic Effects.- 6. Evidence from Psychotoxic Effects.- 7. Study of Amphetamine Model Psychosis.- 8. Cardiovascular Effects of Amphetamine Isomers.- 9. The Usefulness of Tremography.- 10. Summary.- 11. References.- 7 Mammalian Biosynthesis of Potential Psychotogens Derived from Dopamine.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of 3,4-Dimethoxyphenethylamine.- 3. The Methylation Hypothesis.- 4. Some Aspects of Biological O-Methylation.- 4.1. Catechol-O-methyltransferase.- 4.2. O-Methylating Enzymes Capable of Forming Hallucinogens.- 5. Conclusions.- 6. References.- 8 Regulation of Brain Dopamine Turnover Rate: Pharmacological Implications.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Problems in Interpreting the Compartmentation and the Functional Implications of Turnover Rate Measurement of Neuronal Dopamine.- 2.1. Mathematical Formulation of the Subsystem.- 2.2. Analytical Problems.- 2.3. Compartmentation of Striatal Dopamine.- 2.4. Problems in Measuring Turnover Rate of Striatal DA from the Accumulation of Dopa after Inhibition of Dopa Decarboxylase.- 2.5. The Use of 18O to Measure the Turnover Rate of DA in Terminals and Cell Bodies of Dopaminergic Axons.- 2.6. Interpretation of DA Turnover Rate Measurements in Terms of Dopaminergic Neuronal Function.- 3. Molecular Mechanisms for the Regulation of Dopaminergic Neurons.- 3.1. Regulation of Striatal Tyrosine Hydroxylase.- 3.2. Regulation of Striatal Adenylcyclase.- 3.3. Specificity of Drug Action in Mesolimbic and Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Systems.- 4. Interaction of the Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic System with Other Neuronal Systems.- 5. Conclusions.- 6. References.