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A History of Norfolk Chris Barringer

A History of Norfolk By Chris Barringer

A History of Norfolk by Chris Barringer


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Summary

Chris Barringer brings together half a lifetimes experience of walking the fields, exploring the towns and villages, researching a treasury of archives, and absorbing the unique magic of this wonderful county of Norfolk.

A History of Norfolk Summary

A History of Norfolk by Chris Barringer

The story of Norfolk and its people began almost a million years ago on the foreshore at Happisburgh. It has a history stretching back into the dimmest mists of time, across whose soil some of our most celebrated national fi gures have walked from Boudica, to Mary Tudor and Elizabeth, Nelson and Turnip Townshend, Elizabeth Fry and Edith Cavell. Everywhere bears the imprint of that past and every chapter in its history is fascinating. It is a county of great houses, of sweeping parks and large estates, but there are many smaller and no less attractive manor houses and Georgian rectories, often circled by moats or set in intimate parklands of their own. It is a county of small, twisting roads, of lost railways and of reedy waterways plied by pleasure boats. Norfolk has several hundred small villages set amid a scatter of often beautiful and always historically rich market towns. At the centre is Norwich, one of the great historic cities of Europe, with a remarkable heritage of medieval churches, monastic buildings, cathedrals, a great castle, and a glorious assemblage of domestic and commercial architecture. Historian Chris Barringer lost his heart to Norfolk when he moved there in 1966. He became passionate about its landscapes and its extraordinarily rich history, and A History of Norfolk brings together half a lifetimes experience of walking the fields, exploring the towns and villages, researching a treasury of archives, and absorbing the unique magic of this wonderful county.

About Chris Barringer

This book is the last and greatest work of Chris Barringer, who died in the summer of 2013. John Christopher Barringer was born in Croydon, but soon afterwards his father, a Yorkshireman, changed jobs and the family moved back to Yorkshire, settling in Ilkley. Chris went to Ilkley Grammar School, where he was head boy and was actively involved in sport, especially cricket and rugby. There his love of walking and the countryside introduced him not only to geography but also to local history, showing him the patchwork of distinctive landscapes and localities which make up England. His uncle Harry Scott was editor-proprietor of The Dalesman, Yorkshires celebrated county magazine founded in 1939. Chris told me that its strong emphasis on landscape, people and history was a formative influence. After national service he was awarded a scholarship to St Johns College, Cambridge, where he read geography and decided to become a teacher. He qualified and gained the remarkable distinction of being appointed head of geography in his first position, at the Royal Grammar School in Lancaster. In 1965 his career changed course, when he became resident tutor in Norfolk for the Cambridge University Board of Extra-Mural Studies. He and his family moved to Hethersett, and he quickly started local history groups across the county, at Blakeney, Downham Market, Kings Lynn, Mattishall, North Walsham, Norwich and Reepham. He began researching aspects of archaeology and local and regional history, and in 1984 his first two books appeared, volumes on the Yorkshire Dales and the Lake District published for the National Trust. Chris was a wonderful teacher, practical and down to earth yet inspirational, blessed with the ability to challenge and stimulate and his students so that they began to pursue their own researches and investigations. He had the gift of reading landscape, instinctively questioning itwhy was there a sharp bend in that road, what were those hummocks in a field, when was that house altered? David Dymond, his colleague and friend for very many years, said that `He was never happier than when organising and leading open-air excursions. He was involved in a tremendous range of county and local organisations. At the time of his death he was president of the Norfolk Archaeological and Historical Research Group and vice-president of the Norfolk and Norwich Archaeological Society. From 1987 to 2002 he was chairman of the Norfolk and Norwich Heritage Trust. One of his finest achievements during this period was working tirelessly to raise money for the restoration and conservation of Dragon Hall in King Street, securing the future of a medieval merchants house which is among the greatest architectural and historical treasures of the fine city of Norwich. In 1991 responsibility for the countys adult continuing education was transferred to the University of East Anglia, and Chris became Director of Extra-Mural Studies. This involved him in a lot more administrative work, which he confessed he did not always relishhe liked being out and aboutbut it strengthened his links with Norfolks history. When he retired in August 1995 many of his friends and colleagues gathered at the Sainsbury Centre to celebrate his achievements and to present him with East Anglian Studies, a book of 37 papers written in his honour. Chris had lost his heart to Norfolk when he moved there back in 1965 and had become passionate about his adopted county, its landscapes and its extraordinarily rich history. In his last years he wrote this book, which brings together half a lifetimes experience of walking the fields, exploring the towns and villages, researching a treasury of archives, discussing and debating with colleagues, friends and students, and absorbing the unique magic of this wonderful county. A History of Norfolk is a monument to Chris, his contribution to the heritage of the county, and to all the joy, intellectual excitement and infectious enthusiasm which he brought to so very many people over so many years.

Table of Contents

Foreword ix Preface xi Introduction 1 The setting 2 The human story 6 The early settlement of Norfolk 11 The Palaeolithic (Old Stone Age) 12 The Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) 15 The Neolithic (New Stone Age) 16 The Bronze and Iron Ages in Norfolk 23 The Iron Age 26 Roman Norfolk 35 The Roman conquest and its background 35 Material evidence of the Roman presence in Norfolk 37 The road network and the countryside 39 Caistor by Norwich and other towns 43 Forts 47 Norfolk under the Anglo Saxons and Vikings 51 Place-names as a guide to settlement 59 The local Church, 500 to 1066 60 The Viking period 64 Towns in Norfolk 65 A summary of Dark Age Norfolk 69 The Norman Conquest and its aftermath 70 Norwich: the new capital of East Anglia 77 The other towns of post-Conquest Norfolk 85 The Norman Church in Norfolk 97 Early medieval Norfolk 105 Breckland 111 The Fens 114 The Broads 116 Woodland 117 The Black Death (1349) 118 The towns between 1150 and 1350 120 Wool, sheep and textiles 133 The evolution of Norwich stuffs 141 Churches and parishes 145 From Black Death to Reformation 165 The land, 1330 to 1550 166 The Rising of 1381 in Norfolk 168 Monastic houses as landowners 170 Some major families 172 Boroughs, markets and guilds 178 The lives of the `middling sort 182 The Dissolution 184 Ketts Rebellion of 1549 187 The Fens 191 The new farming 201 Norfolk from 1550 to 1750 205 Faith and belief 207 The impact of the Dissolution 212 The views of visitors 216 The social structure of the county 219 The land 222 New estates and new farming 223 The yeomen 228 Matters of faith: challenge and dissent 229 The Civil Wars and Commonwealth 231 The Nonconformist churches 234 The survival of Catholicism 236 Schools 238 The poor 240 Architecture and buildings 244 Francis Blomefield (17051752) 248 Norfolk from 1750 to 1830 249 Parliamentary enclosure 254 Church and chapel 260 Social issues and rural discontent 264 Rivers and roads 267 Changing towns 272 The Broads 289 The impact of man in Broadland 291 Early tourism 294 The grazing marshes and coastal protection 296 Conservation and management 298 Commerce and tourism 301 Vernacular architecture in Norfolk 303 Stylistic changes 317 Estate maps 318 Farm buildings 318 The towns 321 Three case studies 325 Conclusion 327 Norfolk from 1830 to 1914 329 Churches, chapels and schools 330 The New Poor Law 336 Social change 340 The towns 344 `Poppyland and the Railway Coast 363 The great estates 371 The nineteenth century in Norfolk: a summary 375 Norfolk from 1914 to 1945 377 The First World War 378 The county between the wars 380 Norwich and the towns 385 The Second World War 391 After the Two Wars 397 Movement 399 Social provision 403 Changing agriculture 405 Building conservation 408 Nature conservation 412 The towns 414 Conclusion 430 Conclusion 433 Agricultural terms used in Norfolk 435 References 436 Index 445

Additional information

GOR013876925
9781859362334
1859362338
A History of Norfolk by Chris Barringer
Used - Good
Paperback
Carnegie Publishing Ltd
2019-03-15
448
N/A
Book picture is for illustrative purposes only, actual binding, cover or edition may vary.
This is a used book - there is no escaping the fact it has been read by someone else and it will show signs of wear and previous use. Overall we expect it to be in good condition, but if you are not entirely satisfied please get in touch with us

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