In recent years there has been a substantial growth of interest in parallel distributed processing among experimental psychologists and neurobiologists. Many neurobiologists hope that current developments in the formal analysis of neural networks will provide a bridge between psychological accounts of cognitive function and accounts couched at the neural level. This book examines the implications of these new developments and their influence on experimental psychology and neurobiology. Part 1 looks at formal PDP models, introducing the approach and discussing the all-important assumptions and algorithms. Part 2 discusses the implications of these models for psychology, covering both human and animal research. Part 3 is concerned with the implications for neurobiology. Each of the parts is introduced by a short chapter outlining some of the issues discussed and alluded to in the main chapters that follow.