This new text/reference is a comprehensive presentation of fundamental problems for the generalized approach to signal detection theory. New approaches and methods are discussed, as well as experimental results with physical systems. An essential resource for professionals and researchers in electrical engineering and working with modern signal detection problems in radar, communications, wireless communications, acoustics, remote sensing, and geophysical signal processing. The problem of noise immunity is a key problem for complex signal processing systems research in science and engineering. New approaches and problems of such complexity study allows the development of a better quality of signal detection in noise. This book is devoted to a new generalized approach to signal detection theory. The main purpose is to present the basic fundamental concepts of the generalized approach to signal processing in noise and to show how it may be applied in various areas of signal processing. The generalized approach allows extension of the well-known boundaries of the potential noise immunity set up by classical and modern signal detection theories. New approaches for construction of detectors with the amplitude, frequency and phase tracking systems based on the generalized approach are presented.