PART I:WRITING A PARAGRAPH
Chapter 1: Paragraph Structure
The Three Parts of a Paragraph
The Topic Sentence
Position of Topic Sentences
The Two Parts of a Topic Sentence
Supporting Sentences
The Concluding Sentence
Review
Writing Practice
Chapter 2: Unity and Coherence
Unity
Coherence
Repetition of Key Nouns
Key Noun Substitutes
Consistent Pronouns
Transition Signals
Logical Order
Review
Writing Practice
Chapter 3: Supporting Details: Facts, Quotations, and Statistics
Facts versus Opinions
Using Outside Sources
Plagiarism
Citing Sources
Quotations
Direct Quotations
Reporting Verbs and Phrases
Punctuating Direct Quotations
Indirect Quotations
Writing Practice
Statistics
Writing Practice
Review
PART II:WRITING AN ESSAY
Chapter 4: From Paragraph to Essay
The Three Parts of an Essay
The Introductory Paragraph
Funnel Introduction
Attention-Getting Introduction
Thesis Statement
Body Paragraphs
Logical Division of Ideas
Thesis Statements for Logical Division of Ideas
Thesis Statement Pitfalls
Transition Signals between Paragraphs
The Concluding Paragraph
Essay Outlining
Review
Writing Practice
Applying What You Have Learned
Reading
Questions
Suggestions for Discussion or Writing
Chapter 5: Chronological Order: Process Essays
Thesis Statements for a Process Essay
Transition Signals for Chronological Order
Review
Writing Practice
Applying What You Have Learned
Reading1
Questions
Suggestions for Discussion or Writing
Reading2
Questions
Suggestions for Discussion or Writing
Chapter 6: Cause/Effect Essays
Organization for Cause/Effect Order
Block Organization
Chain Organization
Cause/Effect Signal Words and Phrases
Cause Signal Words
Effect Signal Words
Review
Writing Practice
Applying What You Have Learned
Reading
Questions
Suggestions for Discussion or Writing
Chapter 7: Comparison/Contrast Essays
Organization of Comparison/Contrast Essays
Point-by-Point Organization
Block Organization
Comparison and Contrast Signal Words
Comparison Signal Words
Contrast Signal Words
Review
Writing Practice
Applying What You Have Learned
Reading
Questions
Suggestions for Discussion or Writing
Chapter 8 Paraphrase and Summary
Paraphrasing
Plagiarism
Using Paraphrases as Support
Summarizing
Review
Chapter 9: Argumentative Essays
Organization of Argumentative Essays
The Introductory Paragraph
Thesis Statement
Review
Writing Practice
Applying What You Have Learned
Topic 1, Reading 1
Questions
Topic 1, Reading 2
Questions
Topic 2, Reading 1
Questions
Topic 2, Reading 2
Questions
PART III: SENTENCE STRUCTURE
Chapter 10: Types of Sentences
Clauses
Independent Clauses
Dependent Clauses
Kinds of Sentences
Simple Sentence
Compound Sentences
Complex Sentences
Compound-Complex Sentences
Sentence Types and Writing Style
Review
Chapter 11: Using Parallel Structures and Fixing Sentence Problems
Parallelism
Parallelism with Coordinators: And, Or, But
Parallelism with Correlative (Paired) Conjunctions
Sentence Problems
Sentence Fragments
Choppy Sentences
Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices
Stringy Sentences
Review
Editing Practice
Chapter 12: Noun Clauses
That Clauses
Sentences Beginning with It
Special Verb Tenses in That Clauses
If /Whether Clauses
Question Clauses
Review
Editing Practice
Writing Practice
Chapter 13: Adverb Clauses
Kinds of Adverb Clauses
Punctuation of Adverb Clauses
Time Clauses
Place Clauses
Distance, Frequency, and Manner Clauses
Reason Clauses
Result Clauses
Purpose Clauses
Contrast Clauses
Direct Opposition Clauses
Concession (Unexpected Result) Clauses
Conditional Clauses
Review
Editing Practice
Writing Practice
Chapter 14: Adjective Clauses
Relative Pronouns and Adverbs
Position of Adjective Clauses
Verb Agreement in Adjective Clauses
Kinds of Adjective Clauses
Relative Pronouns as Subjects
Relative Pronouns as Objects
Possessive Adjective Clauses
Relative Pronouns as Objects of Prepositions
Relative Pronouns in Phrases of Quantity and Quality
Adjective Clauses of Time and Place
Review
Editing Practice
Writing Practice
Chapter 15: Participial Phrases
Participles
Participial Phrases
Reduced Adjective Clauses
Position and Punctuation of Participial Phrases
General Form -ing Participial Phrases
General Form -ed Participial Phrases
Perfect Form Participial Phrases
Participial Phrases and Writing Style
Reduced Adverb Clauses
Review
Editing Practice
Writing Practice
Appendix A: The Process of Academic Writing
The Writing Process, Step 1: Creating (Prewriting)
The Writing Process, Step 2: Planning (Outlining)
The Writing Process, Step 3: Writing
The Writing Process, Step 4: Polishing
Editing Practice
Appendix B: Punctuation Rules
Commas
Semicolons
Colons
Quotation Marks
Editing Practice
Appendix C: Charts of Connecting Words and Transition Signals
Coordinating Words
Subordinating Words
Conjunctive Adverbs
Transition Signals
Appendix D: Editing Symbols
Appendix E: Research and Documentation of Sources
Types of Sources
Evaluating Sources
Documentation of Sources
In-Text Citations
Works-Cited Lists
Appendix F: Self-Editing and Peer-Editing Worksheets
Scoring Rubrics
