Preface xvii
1 The Work of the Quantity Surveyor 1
Introduction 2
Characteristics of the construction industry 2
Construction sectors 3
The quantity surveying profession 5
The role of the quantity surveyor 6
Skills, knowledge and understanding 9
Quantity surveying education 13
RICS accreditation 13
Assessment of professional competence (APC) 14
Continuing professional development (CPD) 16
References 16
2 Digital Technologies 19
Introduction 19
Building information modelling (BIM) 22
References 34
3 Organisations and Management 37
Introduction 38
Business structures 38
Staffing 40
Corporate responsibilities 42
Employers responsibilities 43
Marketing 45
Management systems 46
Time and cost management 48
Developing staff and skills 49
Finance and accounts 50
References 54
4 The Quantity Surveyor and the Law 57
Introduction 58
The quantity surveyor and the client 58
Agreement for appointment 61
Negligence 65
Unbefitting professional behaviour 66
Other legislation requirements 67
References 70
5 Cost Control 71
Introduction 71
Project cost control 72
Cost advice 74
Cost reporting 74
New Rules of Measurement (NRM1) 75
Pre-contract estimating methods 75
General considerations 78
Cost planning 80
Additions to the building works estimate 81
Main contractors costs 81
Design and professional fees 81
Other project costs 82
Risk allowances 82
Inflation 82
Exclusions associated with specialist advice 83
Accuracy of approximate estimates 84
BIM and cost estimating 85
Clients cash flow 86
Contractors cost control 86
Contractors cash flow 87
The role of lean construction in cost control 87
References 91
6 Whole Life Costing 93
Introduction 93
Government policy 95
Whole life costing and environmental impact 95
Whole life costing applications 96
Main factors to consider in WLC and LCC 100
Long life, loose fit and low energy 102
Calculations 104
Life cycle worked examples 105
Sensitivity analysis 106
Reporting to the client 106
BIM and LCC 106
References 107
7 Value Management 109
Introduction 109
Background 110
Terminology 110
Key aspects of value management 113
The job plan 114
Role of the quantity surveyor in the value management workshop 121
BIM and value management 121
Function analysis 122
Supporting the case for value management 126
Professional development and accreditation 128
References 128
8 Risk Management 131
Introduction 132
The application of risk management 133
Risk identification 134
Risk analysis 135
Risk evaluation 141
Risk management plan 141
BIM and risk management 145
References 146
9 Procurement 147
Introduction 147
General matters 148
Standard forms of contract 150
Methods of price determination 151
Contractor selection 154
Contract strategy 164
Client procurement needs 165
Partnering 167
The Private Finance Initiative (PFI) 170
The role of the quantity surveyor 171
References 171
10 Contract Documentation 173
Contract documents 173
Coordinated project information 175
Form of contract 176
Contract drawings 177
Descriptive schedules 178
Contract bills 178
Contract specification 181
Schedules of rates 182
Master programme 182
Information release schedule 182
Discrepancies in documents 182
BIM and contracts 183
References 183
11 Preparation of Contract Bills 185
Appointment of the quantity surveyor 185
Receipt of drawings 186
Taking-off 188
Methods of measurement 189
Alterations in taking-off 190
Standard descriptions 191
Numbering items 191
Schedule of basic rates (fluctuations option B) 191
Schedule of allocation (fluctuations option C) 192
Completing the contract bills 192
Computerised bill production 193
Copyright in the bills of quantities 193
Tendering procedure 194
Tender queries 195
E-tendering 203
Online auctions 203
References 203
12 Cost Management 205
Introduction 205
Valuations 206
Valuation on insolvency 218
Cost control and reporting 219
Cash flow 221
BIM and valuing and managing change 222
References 222
13 Final Accounts 225
Introduction 226
Variations 227
Procedure for measurement and evaluation 229
The role of the clerk of works 231
Pricing variations 231
Provisional sums 236
Loss and expense 238
Fluctuations 238
Completing the account 241
Audit 242
Timing and resources 244
References 245
14 Insolvency 247
Introduction 247
The role of the quantity surveyor 250
The role of the liquidator 250
Termination of contract (contractor insolvency) 252
Provision in the forms of contract 253
Factors to consider at insolvency 253
Completion of the contract 255
The employers loss 256
Expenditure involved 256
Termination of contract (employer insolvency) 256
Insolvency of the quantity surveyor or architect 258
Performance bonds 258
References 259
15 Contractual Disputes 261
Introduction 261
Why disputes arise 262
Litigation 264
Alternative dispute resolution 264
Adjudication 265
Arbitration 266
Non-adversarial alternative dispute resolution 268
Expert witness 272
Claims 273
References 276
16 Project Management 279
Introduction 279
Project management 281
Terminology 281
Duties of the project manager 282
BIM and the project manager 285
Responsibilities of the project manager 285
References 291
17 Facilities Management 293
Introduction 294
Measuring building performance 294
The role of the facilities manager 295
Outsourcing 296
Maintenance management 297
Problems of working in existing buildings 298
Procurement 299
Tendering and contractual arrangements 302
Budget and cost control 303
Benchmarking to improve value 305
Sustainability 306
Facilities management and BIM 308
Education and training for the facilities manager 309
Facilities management opportunities for the quantity surveyor 309
References 310
18 Sustainability in the Built Environment 313
Introduction 313
Sustainable development 314
Legislation 319
Assessment methods 320
Net zero 321
Circular economy 324
Measuring embodied carbon emissions drivers 325
Whole life carbon assessments 325
Quantity surveying and sustainability 327
References 328
Index 331
