Preface Abbreviations and Symbols Abbreviations for the Authorized Version of the Bible Chapter 4: Political Communities Reordered (c.900-c.1050) Regionalism: Its Advantages and Its Discontents 4.1 Fragmentation in the Islamic world: Al-Tabari, The Defeat of the Zanj Revolt (c.915) 4.2 The powerful in the Byzantine countryside: Romanus I Lecapenus, Novel (934) 4.3 Donating to Cluny: Cluny's Foundation Charter (910) and various charters of donation (10th-11th c.) 4.4 Love and complaints in Angouleme: Agreement between Count William of the Aquitanians and Hugh IV of Lusignan (1028) 4.5 The Peace of God at Bourges: Andrew of Fleury, The Miracles of St. Benedict (1040-1043) 4.6 A castellan's revenues and properties in Catalonia: Charter of Guillem Guifred (1041-1075) Byzantine Expansion 4.7 Military life: Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, Military Advice to His Son (950-958) 4.8 Imperial rule: Michael Psellus, Portrait of Basil II (c.1063) Scholarship across the Islamic World 4.9 Education: Al-Qabisi, A Treatise Detailing the Circumstances of Students and the Rules Governing Teachers and Students (before 1012) 4.10 Political theory: Al-Farabi, The Perfect State (c.940-942) 4.11 Logic: Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Treatise on Logic (1020s or 1030s) Kingdoms in East Central Europe 4.12 Hungary as heir of Rome: King Stephen, Laws (1000-1038) 4.13 Coming to terms with Catholic Poland: Thietmar of Merseburg, Chronicle (1013-1018) 4.14 Poland's self-image: Boleslaw's Coin (992-1000) 4.15 Kievan Rus': The Russian Primary Chronicle (c.1113, incorporating earlier materials) Northern Europe 4.16 An Ottonian courtier/bishop: Ruotger, Life of Bruno, Archbishop of Cologne (late 960s) 4.17 Literacy: King Alfred, Prefaces to Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care (c.890) 4.18 Law: King AEthelred, Law Code (1008) 4.19 Christianity comes to Denmark: The Jelling Monument (960s) Timeline for Chapter Four Containing the Holy Plate 1 Dome of the Rock (692) Plate 2 Icon with Saint Demetrios (2nd half 10th c.) Plate 3 Reliquary Locket (10th-11th c.) Plate 4 Page from a Qur'an (993) Plate 5 A Holy Vestment (late 10th-early 11th c.) Plate 6 Tlemcen, Great Mosque (1236) Plate 7 The Church as Reliquary: Sainte-Chapelle (1248) Plate 8 Monstrance (c.1430) Plate 9 Synagogue and Ark (1435) Plate 10 The Wienhausen Sepulcher (15th c.) Reading Through Looking Plate 11 Seal of Boris-Michael (864-889) Plate 12 Boleslaw's Coin (992-1000) Plate 13 The Jelling Monument (960s) Plate 14 The Bayeux Tapestry (end of the 11th c.) Plate 15 Gabriel de Valseca, Portolan Map (1447) Chapter 5: The Expansion of Western Europe (c.1050-c.1150) Commercial Take Off 5.1 Cultivating new lands: Frederick of Hamburg's Agreement with Colonists from Holland (1106) 5.2 Ibn 'Abdun, Regulations for the Market at Seville (early 12th c.) 5.3 The role of royal patronage: Henry I, Privileges for the Citizens of London (1130-1133) Church Reform 5.4 The royal view: Henry IV, Letter to Gregory VII (1075) 5.5 The papal view: Gregory VII, Letter to Hermann of Metz (1076) The Clergy in Action 5.6 Vesting Prayers (c.1000?) 5.7 The Star of Clerics (c.1200?) 5.8 A Visitation Record (1268) The Crusades and Reconquista 5.9 Martyrs in the Rhineland: Rabbi Eliezer b. Nathan ("Raban"), O God, Insolent Men (early to mid-12th c.) 5.10 A Westerner in the Holy Land: Stephen of Blois, Letter to His Wife (March 1098) 5.11 The Muslim reaction: Ibn al-Athir, The First Crusade (13th c.) 5.12 The crusade in Spain and Portugal: The Conquest of Lisbon (1147-1148) The Norman Conquest of England 5.13 The pro-Norman position: William of Jumieges, The Deeds of the Dukes of the Normans (c.1070) 5.14 The native position: "Florence of Worcester," Chronicle of Chronicles (early 12th c.) 5.15 The Conquest depicted: The Bayeux Tapestry (end of the 11th c.) 5.16 Exploiting the Conquest: Domesday Book (1087) The Twelfth-Century Renaissance 5.17 Logic: Abelard, Glosses on Porphyry (c.1100) 5.18 Medical science: Constantine the African's translation of Johannitius's Isagoge (before 1098) 5.19 The healing power of stones: Marbode of Rennes, The Book of Stones (? late 11th c.) Cluniacs and Cistercians 5.20 The Cistercian view: St. Bernard, Apologia (1125) 5.21 The Cluniac view: Peter the Venerable, Miracles (mid-1130s-mid-1150s) Timeline for Chapter Five Chapter 6: Institutionalizing Aspirations (c.1150-c.1250) The Crusades Continue 6.1 The Northern Crusades: Helmold, The Chronicle of the Slavs (1167-1168) 6.2 The Fourth Crusade: Nicetas Choniates, O City of Byzantium (c.1215) Grounding Justice in Royal Law 6.3 English common law: The Assize of Clarendon (1166) 6.4 English litigation on the ground: The Costs of Richard of Anstey's Lawsuit (1158-1163) 6.5 The legislation of a Spanish king: The Laws of Cuenca (1189-1193) Local Laws and Arrangements 6.6 A manorial court: Proceedings for the Abbey of Bec (1246) 6.7 Doing business: A Genoese societas (1253) 6.8 Women's work: Guild Regulations of the Parisian Silk Fabric Makers (13th c.) 6.9 Men's work: Guild Regulations of the Shearers of Arras (1236) Bureaucracy at the Papal Curia 6.10 The growth of papal business: Innocent III, Letters (1200-1202) 6.11 Petitioning the papacy: Register of Thomas of Hereford (1281) 6.12 Mocking the papal bureaucracy: The Gospel According to the Marks of Silver (c.1200) Confrontations 6.13 Henry II and Becket: Constitutions of Clarendon (1164) 6.14 Emperor and pope: Diet of Besancon (1157) 6.15 King and nobles: Magna Carta (1215) Caring for the Body 6.16 The abbot of Cluny seeks medical help: Letters between Peter the Venerable and Doctor Bartholomew (c.1151) 6.17 A doctor's bedside manner: Advice from "Archimatthaeus" (2nd half of 12th c.) Vernacular Literature 6.18 A troubadour love song: Bernart de Ventadorn, When I see the lark (c.1147-c.1170) 6.19 A trobairitz love song: La Comtessa de Dia, I have been in heavy grief (late 12th-early 13th c.) 6.20 A political song from the south of France: Bertran de Born, Half a sirventes I'll sing (1190) 6.21 Fabliaux: Browny, The Priest's Cow and The Priest Who Peeked (13th c.) 6.22 Romance: Chretien de Troyes, Lancelot (c.1177-1181) New Developments in Religious Sensibilities 6.23 Disciplining and purifying Christendom: Decrees of Lateran IV (1215) 6.24 Devotion through poverty: Peter Waldo in The Chronicle of Laon (1173-1178) 6.25 Devotion through mysticism: Jacques de Vitry, The Life of Mary of Oignies (1213) 6.26 The mendicant movement: St. Francis, The Canticle to Brother Sun (1225) 6.27 Religious feeling turned violent: Chronicle of Trier (1231) Timeline for Chapter Six Chapter 7: Discordant Harmonies (c.1250-c.1350) East Central Europe in Flux 7.1 The Mongol Challenge: The Secret History of the Mongols (first half of the 13th c.) 7.2 A Mongol reply to the pope: Guyuk Khan, Letter to Pope Innocent IV (1246) 7.3 The Hungarian king bewails the Mongol invasions: Bela IV, Letter to Pope Innocent IV (c.1250) 7.4 Poland as a frontier society: The Henrykow Book (c.1268) 7.5 The Lithuanian duke flirts with Christianity: Duke Gediminas, Letter to Pope John XXII (1322) and Letter to the Burghers of Lubeck, Rostock, Stralsund, Griefswald, Stettin, and Gotland (May 26, 1323) 7.6 Pagan Lithuania in Christian Europe: Peter of Dusburg, Chronicle of the Prussian Land (c.1320-1326) 7.7 Bulgaria claims a saint: The Short Life of St. Petka (Paraskeve) of Tarnov (13th c.) 7.8 Bulgaria and Venice regularize commercial relations: Oath and Treaty (1347) Transformations in the Cities 7.9 The popolo gains power: The Ghibelline Annals of Piacenza (1250) 7.10 The Hanseatic League: Decrees of the League (1260-1264) 7.11 Food scarcity at Constantinople: Athanasius I, Patriarch of Constantinople, Letter (1306-1307) 7.12 Too big to fail? A Great Bank Petitions the City Council of Siena (1298) Heresies and Persecutions 7.13 Inquisition: Jacques Fournier, Episcopal Register (1318-1325) 7.14 Procedures for isolating lepers: Sarum Manual (based on materials from c.1360s) 7.15 Jews in England: Statute of the Jewry (1275) and Petition of the "Commonalty" of the Jews (shortly after 1275) Rulers and Ruled 7.16 A charismatic ruler: Joinville, The Life of St. Louis (1272) 7.17 The commons participate: Summons of Representatives of Shires and Towns to Parliament (1295) 7.18 The pope throws down the gauntlet: Boniface VIII, Clericis laicos (1296) 7.19 The pope reacts again: Boniface VIII, Unam sanctam (1302) 7.20 The French king responds to Boniface: William of Plaisians, Charges of Heresy against Boniface VIII (1303) 7.21 Assembly of the Estates General in Paris: Grand Chronicles of France (1314) Modes of Thought, Feeling, and Devotion 7.22 Scholasticism: Thomas Aquinas, Summa against the Gentiles (1259-1264) 7.23 The vernacular comes into its own: Dante, Inferno, Canto V (Paolo and Francesca); Paradiso, Canto XXII (Meeting with St. Benedict) (1313-1321) 7.24 Medieval drama: Directions for an Annunciation Play (14th c.) 7.25 The feast of Corpus Christi: The Life of Juliana of Mont-Cornillon (1261-1264) Timeline for Chapter Seven Chapter 8: Catastrophe and Creativity (c.1350-c.1500) The Plague 8.1 A medical view: Nicephorus Gregoras, Roman History (1350s) 8.2 Processions at Damascus: Ibn Battuta, Travels (before 1368) 8.3 Prayers at York: Archbishop William, Letter to His Official at York (July 1348) 8.4 Blaming the Jews: Heinrich von Diessenhoven, On the Persecution of the Jews (c.1350) 8.5 A legislative response: Ordinances against the Spread of Plague at Pistoia (1348) The Ottomans 8.6 A Turkish hero: Ashikpashazade, Othman Comes to Power (late 15th c.) 8.7 Diplomacy: Peace Agreement between the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II and the Signoria of Venice (January 25, 1478) Byzantium: Decline and Fall 8.8 Before the fall: Patriarch Anthony, Letter to the Russian Church (1395) 8.9 The fall bewailed: George Sphrantzes, Chronicle (before 1477) 8.10 After the fall: Archbishop Genady of Novgorod and Dmitry Gerasimov, The Tale of the White Cowl (end of the 15th c.) War and Social Unrest 8.11 Chivalric and non-chivalric models: Froissart, Chronicles (c.1400) 8.12 National feeling: Jeanne d'Arc, Letter to the English (1429) 8.13 Patriotism in Italy: Petro Gentili's Speech to the Council and Citizens of Lucca (1397) 8.14 The commons revolt: Wat Tyler's Rebellion (after 1381) Crises and Changes in the Church and Religion 8.15 The conciliarist movement: Jean Gerson, Sermon at the Council of Constance (1415) 8.16 Taking part in the life of Christ: The Book of Margery Kempe (c.1430) 8.17 The Hussite program: The Four Articles of Prague (1420) The Renaissance 8.18 Re-evaluating antiquity: Cincius Romanus, Letter to His Most Learned Teacher Franciscus de Fiana (1416) 8.19 A new theory of art: Leon Battista Alberti, On Painting (1435-1436) 8.20 Defending women: Christine de Pisan, The Book of the City of Ladies (1404-1407) Finding a New World 8.21 A new kind of map: Gabriel de Valseca, Portolan Map (1447) 8.22 Taking Mexico: Hernan Cortes, The Second Letter (1520) Timeline for Chapter Eight Sources Index of Names, Places, and Readings
