An authoritative survey of the most recent scientific evidence showing how cyclosporin, FK-506, and their analogs-the neuroimmunophilins-evolved from being purely immunosuppressant drugs to neuroprotective agents. The book focuses on recent preclinical evidence that demonstrates the neurotrophic/neuroprotective effects of immunosuppressants when administered alone or when combined with neural transplantation therapy in animal models of neurological disorders. It also discusses their efficacy and mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo models of CNS disease, and provides laboratory studies with compelling clinical indications for Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, ALS, sciatic nerve injury, and drug addiction.