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Two Bits Christopher M. Kelty

Two Bits By Christopher M. Kelty

Two Bits by Christopher M. Kelty


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Summary

Investigates the history and cultural significance of Free Software. By exploring in detail how various practices came together as the Free Software movement from the 1970s to the 1990s, the author shows how it is possible to understand the new movements that are emerging out of Free Software: projects such as Creative Commons.

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Two Bits Summary

Two Bits: The Cultural Significance of Free Software by Christopher M. Kelty

In Two Bits, Christopher M. Kelty investigates the history and cultural significance of Free Software, revealing the people and practices that have transformed not only software but also music, film, science, and education. Free Software is a set of practices devoted to the collaborative creation of software source code that is made openly and freely available through an unconventional use of copyright law. Kelty explains how these specific practices have reoriented the relations of power around the creation, dissemination, and authorization of all kinds of knowledge. He also makes an important contribution to discussions of public spheres and social imaginaries by demonstrating how Free Software is a recursive public-a public organized around the ability to build, modify, and maintain the very infrastructure that gives it life in the first place.

Drawing on ethnographic research that took him from an Internet healthcare start-up company in Boston to media labs in Berlin to young entrepreneurs in Bangalore, Kelty describes the technologies and the moral vision that bind together hackers, geeks, lawyers, and other Free Software advocates. In each case, he shows how their practices and way of life include not only the sharing of software source code but also ways of conceptualizing openness, writing copyright licenses, coordinating collaboration, and proselytizing. By exploring in detail how these practices came together as the Free Software movement from the 1970s to the 1990s, Kelty also considers how it is possible to understand the new movements emerging from Free Software: projects such as Creative Commons, a nonprofit organization that creates copyright licenses, and Connexions, a project to create an online scholarly textbook commons.

Two Bits Reviews

[R]ich with empirical insight and exceptionally well written, Two Bits is delightful to read. I recommend the book to readers interested in open source, technology, and social change. . . . - Zack Kertcher, American Journal of Sociology
It would be a great pity indeed if anthropologists, assuming they have no interest in software development, were to ignore the subtitle of this book. Because 'the cultural significance of free software' takes to heart matters of concern to all anthropologists. . . . They would miss a book that has as much to contribute to the anthropology of law as to the anthropology of religion, both much enhanced by the unusual perspective that emerges from software development. They would also miss a good read. - Daniel Miller, American Anthropologist
I think Kelty's book deserves a wide readership - especially among nerds trying to make sense of the past decade, let alone to prepare for the next one. - Scott McLemee, Inside Higher Ed
Considering the scope of the subject matter, the book is not especially steeped in technical jargon, and is therefore highly readable for a wide and varied audience. Contrary to first impression this book is not specifically directed towards geeks, software code authors, or other computer nerds, although these individuals will find the book informative and inspiring. It also should be read by all those who have positions of influence such as teachers, cultural studies academics, government decision/policy makers and of course members of the legal profession. - Rob Harle, Leonardo
[A] closely argued, well-defended, painstakingly referenced treatise covering one of the most complex, and possibly least understood, cultural movements of recent decades. . . . [D]eeply engaging. - John Gilbey, Times Higher Education
In this study of the Free Software/Open Source movement, Christopher Kelty provides a fascinating look into a world that may initially seem arcane to those outside the field, but which illuminates many connections between 'geek' culture and the wider world as well. . . . In a moment marked by Wikipedia and Facebook, new connections and forms are emerging every day. Two Bits reaches beyond the technicalities of the Free Software movement to help provide productive ways to think about these non-traditional communities as they are only beginning to imagine themselves. - Erica A. Farmer, Anthropological Quarterly
Two Bits describes the way those who work and play with Free Software themselves change in the process-engendering what Kelty calls 'recursive publics'-social configurations that realize the Internet's non-hierarchical, ever-evolving, and thus historically attuned logic, creatively updating the types of public spheres previously theorized by Habermas and Michael Warner, among others. Two Bits does something similar, pulling readers into an experimental (ethnographic) mode that draws out how Open Source movements have garnered the momentum and significance they have today. The book-on paper and online-quite literally shows how it is done, itself embodying the standards that make Free Software work. Two Bits is critical reading, in all senses.-Kim Fortun, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
I know of no other book that mixes so beautifully a deep theoretical understanding of social theory with a rich historical and contemporary ethnography of the Free Software and free culture movements. Christopher M. Kelty's book speaks to many audiences; his message should be understood by many more.-Lawrence Lessig, Stanford Law School
[A] closely argued, well-defended, painstakingly referenced treatise covering one of the most complex, and possibly least understood, cultural movements of recent decades. . . . [D]eeply engaging. -- John Gilbey * Times Higher Education *
[R]ich with empirical insight and exceptionally well written, Two Bits is delightful to read. I recommend the book to readers interested in open source, technology, and social change. . . . -- Zack Kertcher * American Journal of Sociology *
Considering the scope of the subject matter, the book is not especially steeped in technical jargon, and is therefore highly readable for a wide and varied audience. Contrary to first impression this book is not specifically directed towards geeks, software code authors, or other computer nerds, although these individuals will find the book informative and inspiring. It also should be read by all those who have positions of influence such as teachers, cultural studies academics, government decision/policy makers and of course members of the legal profession. -- Rob Harle * Leonardo Reviews *
I think Kelty's book deserves a wide readership - especially among nerds trying to make sense of the past decade, let alone to prepare for the next one. -- Scott McLemee * Inside Higher Ed *
In this study of the Free Software/Open Source movement, Christopher Kelty provides a fascinating look into a world that may initially seem arcane to those outside the field, but which illuminates many connections between 'geek' culture and the wider world as well. . . . In a moment marked by Wikipedia and Facebook, new connections and forms are emerging every day. Two Bits reaches beyond the technicalities of the Free Software movement to help provide productive ways to think about these non-traditional communities as they are only beginning to imagine themselves. -- Erica A. Farmer * Anthropological Quarterly *
It would be a great pity indeed if anthropologists, assuming they have no interest in software development, were to ignore the subtitle of this book. Because 'the cultural significance of free software' takes to heart matters of concern to all anthropologists. . . . They would miss a book that has as much to contribute to the anthropology of law as to the anthropology of religion, both much enhanced by the unusual perspective that emerges from software development. They would also miss a good read. -- Daniel Miller * American Anthropologist *

About Christopher M. Kelty

Christopher M. Kelty is Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Rice University.

Table of Contents

Preface ix
Acknowledgments xiii
Introduction 1
Part I. The Internet
1. Geeks and Recursive Publics 27
2. Protestant Reformers, Polymaths, Transhumanists 64
Part II. Free Software
3. The Movement 97
4. Sharing Source Code 118
5. Conceiving Open Systems 143
6. Writing Copyright Licenses 179
7. Coordinating Collaborations 210
Part III. Modulations
8. If We Succeed, We Will Disappear 243
9. Reuse, Modification, and the Nonexistence of Norms 269
Conclusion: The Cultural Consequences of Free Software 301
Notes 311
Bibliography 349
Index 367

Additional information

CIN0822342642G
9780822342649
0822342642
Two Bits: The Cultural Significance of Free Software by Christopher M. Kelty
Used - Good
Paperback
Duke University Press
20080609
400
N/A
Book picture is for illustrative purposes only, actual binding, cover or edition may vary.
This is a used book - there is no escaping the fact it has been read by someone else and it will show signs of wear and previous use. Overall we expect it to be in good condition, but if you are not entirely satisfied please get in touch with us

Customer Reviews - Two Bits