Table of Contents Preface, Letizia Paoli and Cyrille Fijnaut General Introduction, Letizia Paoli and Cyrille Fijnaut Part I: The History Of Organised Crime Introduction to Part I: The History of the Concept, Letizia Paoli and Cyrille Fijnaut; The Mafia and the Problem of the Mafia: Organised Crime in Italy, 1820-1970, Gianluca Fulvetti; Multiple Underworlds in the Dutch Republic of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, Florike Egmond; Many a Lord is Guilty, Indeed For Many Poor a Man's Dishonest Deed: Gangs of Robbers in Early Modern Germany, Katrin Lange; Banditry in Corsica: The Eighteenth to Twentieth Centuries, Stephen Wilson; From Thievish Artel to Criminal Corporation: The History of Organised Crime in Russia, Yakov Gilinskiy and Yakov Kostjukovsky; Urban Knights and Rebels in the Ottoman Empire , Yucel Yesilgoez and Frank Bovenkerk; Comparative Synthesis of Part I, Cyrille Fijnaut and Letizia Paoli Part II: Contemporary Patterns Of Organised Crime Introduction to Part II: Sources and Literature, Cyrille Fijnaut and Letizia Paoli; Organised Crime in Italy: Mafia and Illegal Markets - Exception and Normality, Letizia Paoli; Crossing Borders: Organised Crime in the Netherlands, Edward Kleemans; Organised Crime in Germany: A Passe-Partout Definition Encompassing Different Phenomena, Joerg Kinzig and Anna Luczak; How Organised is Organised Crime in France? Nacer Lalam; Spain: The Flourishing Illegal Drug Haven in Europe; Alejandra Gomez-Cespedes and Per Stangeland; The Nature and Representation of Organised Crime in the United Kingdom, Dick Hobbs; The Czech Republic: A Crossroads for Organised Crime, Miroslav Nozina; Organised Crime in Poland: Its Development from Real Socialism to Present Times, Emil Ptywaczewski; Illegal Markets and Organised Crime in Switzerland: A Critical Assessment, Claudio Besozzi; Organised Crime in Albania: The Ugly Side of Capitalism and Democracy, Vasilika Hysi; ContemporaryRussian Organised Crime: Embedded in Russian Society, Louise Shelley; The Turkish Mafia and the State, Frank Bovenkerk and Yucel Yesilgoez; Comparative Synthesis of Part II, Letizia Paoli and Cyrille Fijnaut Part III: Organised Crime Control Policies Introduction to Part III: The Initiatives of the European Union and the Council of Europe, Cyrille Fijnaut and Letizia Paoli; The Paradox of Effectiveness: Growth, Institutionalisation and Evaluation of Anti-Mafia Policies in Italy, Antonio La Spina; Organised Crime Policies in the Netherlands, Henk Van de Bunt; Organised Crime Policies in Germany, Michael Kilchling; The Control of Organised Crime in France: A Fuzzy Concept but a Handy Reference, Thierry Godefrov; Organised Crime Control Policies in Spain: A Disorganised Criminal Policy for Organised Crime , Jose Luis De la Cuesta; The Making of the United Kingdom's Organised Crime Control Policies, Michael Levi; Denmark on the Road to Organised Crime, Karin Cornils and Vagn Greve; Organised Crime Policies in the Czech Republic: A Hard Road from Under-Estimation to the European Standard, Miroslav Scheinost; The Development of Organised Crime Policies in Poland: From Socialist Regime to Rechtsstaat, Emil Ptywaczewski and Wojciech Filipkowski; Organised Crime Policies in Switzerland: Opening the Way for a New Type of Criminal Legislation, Karl-Ludwig Kunz and Elias Hofstetter; Organised Crime Control in Albania: The Long and Difficult Path to Meet International Standards and Develop Effective Policies, Vasilika Hysi; Anti-Organised Crime Policies in Russia, Thomas Krussmann; Comparative Synthesis of Part III, Cyrille Fijnaut and Letizia Paoli General Conclusion, Letizia Paoli and Cyrille Fijnaut About the Authors; Index.