Preface. Introduction-Getting Started and Understanding and Evaluating the Arts. 1. The Ancient World. How Art Works-The Purposes of Art I. Providing a Record. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Ancient World. Focal Point: Akhenaton and Monotheism-The Tell El Amarna Period.
2. Archaic Greece and the Aegean. How Art Works-The Purposes of Art II. Giving Form to Feeling. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of Archaic Greece and the Aegean. Focal Point: The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer.
3. Greek Classicism and Hellenism. How Art Works-The Purposes of Art III. Revealing Metaphysical and Spiritual Truths. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of Greek Classicism and Hellenism. Focal Point: From Idealism to Realism-Prometheus and Hecuba.
4. The Roman Period. How Art Works-The Purposes of Art IV. Seeing the World in New and Surprising Ways (Appearance versus Reality). Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Roman Period. Focal Point: Augustus-Classical Visions.
5. Judaism and Early Christianity. How Art Works-Symbols and Symbolism. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of Judaism and Early Christianity. Focal Point: St. Paul and the Westernization of Christianity.
6. Byzantium and the Rise of Islam. How Art Works-Icons. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of Byzantium and Islam. Focal Point: In Praise of the Emperor-The Mark of Justinian.
7. The Early Middle Ages (The Monastic and Feudal Romanesque Period). How Art Works-Emphasis. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Early Middle Ages. Focal Point: The Carolingian Renaissance.
8. The High Middle Ages (The Gothic Age). How Art Works-Universals I. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the High Middle Ages. Focal Point: Chartres Cathedral.
9. The Late Middle Ages. How Art Works-Universals II. Revealing Reality. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Late Middle Ages. Focal Point: Women Mystics of the Late Middle Ages.
10. The Early Renaissance. How Art Works-Universals III. Reality versus Abstraction. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Early Renaissance. Focal Point: Florence in the Quattrocento.
11. The High Renaissance and Mannerism. How Art Works-Universals IV. Verisimilitude versus Stylization. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the High Renaissance and Mannerism. Focal Point: Papal Splendor-The Vatican.
12. Renaissance and Reformation in Northern Europe. How Art Works-Language: Visual, Aural, and Oral. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Renaissance and Reformation in the North. Focal Point: The Great Age of the Tudors.
13. The Baroque Age. How Art Works-Aesthetics I. The Role of the Artist. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Baroque Age. Focal Point: English Baroque-Seventeenth-Century London.
14. The Enlightenment. How Art Works-Aesthetics II. Classical Inquiry. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Enlightenment. Focal Point: The Enlightened Despot-Frederick II of Hohenzollern.
15. The Romantic Age. How Art Works-The Anti-Classical: Romanticism and Individualism. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts of the Romantic Age. Focal Point: The Victorians.
16. From Realism to Modernism. How Art Works-Form and Function: Functionalism versus Aestheticism. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts from Realism to Modernism. Focal Point: America's Gilded Age.
17. Modernism. How Art Works-Modernism. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts in the Modern World. Focal Point: The Bauhaus-Integration of the Arts.
FROM PAST TO PRESENT: A PICTURE ESSAY.
18. From a Modern to Postmodern World. How Art Works-Postmodernism. Contexts and Concepts. The Arts from Modernism to Postmodernism. Focal Point: An Outpouring of Ethnicity.
Glossary. Notes. Further Reading. Index. 