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Contents Preface The Literature of Early America READING THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT Christopher Columbus (1451--1506) Columbus's Letter Describing His First Voyage Thomas Hariot (1560-1621) FROM A Brief and True Report of the Newfound Land of Virginia lvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca (ca. 1490-ca. 1557) FROM The Journey of lvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca John Winthrop (1588-1649) and Anne Hutchinson (1591-1643) FROM The Examination of Mrs. Anne Hutchinson at the Court at Newton November 1637 The Iroquois League FROM The Constitution of the Five Nations READING THE CRITICAL CONTEXT John Dryden (1631-1700) FROM Preface to Troilus and Cressida Alexander Pope (1688-1744) FROM An Essay on Criticism LITERATURE OF EARLY AMERICA CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH (1580--1631) FROM The General History of Virginia The Third Book Powhatan's Discourse of Peace and War FROM A Description of New England DINAe BAHANE' FROM Dine bahane': The Navajo Creation Story WILLIAM BRADFORD (1590--1657) FROM Of Plymouth Plantation FROM Chapter I [The Separatist Interpretation of the Reformation in England, 1550--1607] FROM Chapter III, Of Their Settling in Holland, and Their Manner of Living FROM Chapter IV, Showing the Reasons and Causes of Their Removal FROM Chapter VII, Of Their Departure from Leyden FROM Chapter IX, Of Their Voyage FROM Chapter X, Showing How They Sought Out a Place of Habitation FROM Chapter XI [The Mayflower Compact] FROM Chapter XII [Narragansett Challenge] FROM Chapter XIV [End of the "Common Course. ."] FROM Chapter XIX [Thomas Morton of Merrymount] FROM Chapter XXIV [Mr. Roger Williams] FROM Chapter XXVIII [The Pequot War] FROM Chapter XXXVI [Winslow's Final Departure] THOMAS MORTON (c. 1579--1647) FROM The New English Canaan JOHN WINTHROP (1588--1649) FROM The Journal of John Winthrop A Model of Christian Charity ROGER WILLIAMS (c. 1603--1683) FROM A Key into the Language of America FROM The Bloody Tenet of Persecution To the Town of Providence THE NEW ENGLAND PRIMER (c. 1683) FROM The New England Primer ANNE BRADSTREET (1612--1672) The Prologue Contemplations The Flesh and the Spirit The Author to Her Book Before the Birth of One of Her Children To My Dear and Loving Husband A Letter to Her Husband Absent Upon Public Employment In Reference to Her Children, 23 June, 1659 In Memory of My Dear Grandchild Elizabeth Bradstreet On My Dear Grandchild Simon Bradstreet [On Deliverance] from Another Sore Fit Upon the Burning of Our House, July 10th, 1666 As Weary Pilgrim FROM Meditations Divine and Moral MICHAEL WIGGLESWORTH (1631--1705) FROM The Day of Doom EDWARD TAYLOR (c. 1642--1729) Prologue FROM Preparatory Meditations The Reflexion Meditation 6 (First Series) Meditation 8 (First Series) Meditation 38 (First Series) Meditation 39 (First Series) Meditation 150 (Second Series) FROM God's Determinations The Preface The Joy of Church Fellowship Rightly Attended Upon a Spider Catching a Fly Upon Wedlock, and Death of Children Huswifery The Ebb and Flow A Fig for Thee Oh! Death COTTON MATHER (1663--1728) FROM The Wonders of the Invisible World The Trial of Bridget Bishop The Trial of Martha Carrier A Third Curiosity FROM Magnalia Christi Americana SAMUEL SEWALL (1652--1730) The Selling of Joseph FROM The Diary of Samuel Sewall MARY ROWLANDSON (c. 1637--1711) A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration EBENEZER COOKE (c. 1665-c. 1732) The Sot-Weed Factor SARAH KEMBLE KNIGHT (1666-1727) FROM The Journal of Madame Knight WILLIAM BYRD II (1674--1744) FROM The Secret Diary of William Byrd of Westover, 1709--1712 FROM The History of the Dividing Line ... JOHN WOOLMAN (1720--1772) FROM The Journal of John Woolman JONATHAN EDWARDS (1703--1758) Sarah Pierrepont Personal Narrative FROM A Divine and Supernatural Light Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God The Literature of the Eighteenth Century READING THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT Correspondence Thomas Jefferson to James Madison Thomas Jefferson to John Adams Abigail Adams to John Adams John Adams to Abigail Adams Benjamin Banneker to Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson to Benjamin Banneker The Federalist/Anti-Federalist Controversy The Federalist No. 1 (Alexander Hamilton) The Federalist No. 2 (John Jay) The Federalist No. 10 (James Madison) The Federalist No. 51 (James Madison) READING THE CRITICAL CONTEXT Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Silence Dogood, No. 7 LITERATURE OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1706--1790) FROM The Autobiography Silence Dogood, No. 2 Benjamin Franklin's Epitaph The Witches of Mount Holly FROM Poor Richard's Almanac, 1733 FROM Poor Richard's Almanac, 1746 The Speech of Polly Baker A Narrative of the Late Massacres, in Lancaster County Information to Those Who Would Remove to America Speech in the Convention An Address to the Public SAMSON OCCOM (1723-1792) FROM A Short Narrative of My Life The Slow Traveller A Morning Hymn A Son's Farewell Conversion Song MICHEL-GUILLAUME-JEAN DE CRAeVECOEUR (1735--1813) FROM Letters from an American Farmer Letter III (What Is an American?) Letter IX (Description of Charleston) Letter XII (Distresses of a Frontier Man) OLAUDAH EQUIANO (1745--1797) FROM The Life of Olaudah Equiano THOMAS PAINE (1737--1809) FROM Common Sense FROM The American Crisis FROM The Age of Reason - THOMAS JEFFERSON (1743--1826) The Declaration of Independence FROM Notes on the State of Virginia FROM Query V: Cascades FROM Query VI: Productions Mineral, Vegetable and Animal Query XIV: Laws FROM Query XVII: Religion FROM Query XVIII: Manners FROM Query XIX: Manufactures FROM Autobiography of Thomas Jefferson ROYALL TYLER (1757-1826) The Contrast PHILLIS WHEATLEY (1754?--1784) On Virtue To the University of Cambridge, in New England On Being Brought from Africa to America On the Death of the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield. 1770 On Imagination To S. M. A Young African Painter, On Seeing His Works To His Excellency General Washington PHILIP FRENEAU (1752--1832) The Power of Fancy The Hurricane To Sir Toby The Wild Honey Suckle The Indian Burying Ground On Mr. Paine's Rights of Man On a Honey Bee On the Universality and Other Attributes of the God of Nature On the Religion of Nature WILLIAM BARTRAM (1739--1823) FROM Travels through North and South Carolina JUDITH SARGENT MURRAY (1751-1820) On the Equality of the Sexes SUSANNA HASWELL ROWSON (1762-1824) Slaves in Algiers RED JACKET (c. 1750-1830) The Indians Must Worship the Great Spirit in Their Own Way The Literature of the Early- to Mid-Nineteenth Century READING THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT Tecumseh Speech to the Osage Indians William Lloyd Garrison (1805-1879) On the Constitution and the Union Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861) FROM Third Joint Debate, at Jonesboro Seneca FallsWomen's Rights Convention (1848) Declaration of Sentiments READING THE CRITICAL CONTEXT Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) FROM "Twice-Told Tales, by Nathaniel Hawthorne" [A Review] The Philosophy of Composition FROM The Poetic Principle Herman Melville (1819-1891) FROM Hawthorne and His Mosses LITERATURE OF THE EARLY- TO MID-NINETEENTH CENTURY WASHINGTONIRVING (1783--1859) FROM The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. The Author's Account of Himself Rip Van Winkle The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Traits of Indian Character BLACK HAWK (1767-1838) FROM Black Hawk's Autobiography WILLIAM APESS (1798-1839) FROM A Son of the Forest Eulogy on King Philip ELIAS BOUDINOT (c.1802-1839) Address to the Whites Selections from the Cherokee Phoenix PENINA MOA SE (1797-1880) To Persecuted Foreigners The Mirror and the Echo To a Lottery Ticket AUGUSTUS BALDWIN LONGSTREET (1790-1870) The Fight JAMES FENIMORE COOPER (1789--1851) Preface to the Leather-Stocking Tales FROM The Pioneers FROM The Deerslayer THOMAS BANGS THORPE (1815--1878) The Big Bear of Arkansas WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT (1794--1878) Thanatopsis The Yellow Violet To a Waterfowl To Cole, the Painter, Departing for Europe To the Fringed Gentian The Prairies Abraham Lincoln SOJOURNER TRUTH (1797?-1883) Speech to the Women's Rights Convention, Akron, Ohio FROM Narrative of Sojourner Truth EDGAR ALLAN POE (1809--1849) Sonnet--To Science To Helen The City in the Sea Sonnet--Silence Lenore The Raven Annabel Lee The Fall of the House of Usher The Black Cat Ligeia The Tell-Tale Heart The Purloined Letter RALPH WALDO EMERSON (1803--1882) Nature The American Scholar The Divinity School Address Self-Reliance The Poet The Rhodora Each and All Concord Hymn The Problem Ode Hamatreya Give All to Love Days Brahma Terminus NATHANIEL PARKER WILLIS (1806-1867) January 1, 1828 January 1, 1829 The Lady in the White Dress, I Helped into the Omnibus MARIA STEWART (1803-1879) An Address Delivered Before The Afric-American Female Intelligence Society of America GEORGE MOSES HORTON (1797-1883) On Liberty and Slavery Lover's Farewell On Hearing of the Intention of a Gentleman to Purchase the Poet's Freedom The Creditor to His Proud Debtor Division of An Estate Death of an Old Carriage Horse George Moses Horton, Myself MARGARET FULLER (1810--1850) FROM Woman in the Nineteenth Century NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE (1804--1864) Young Goodman Brown The Birth-Mark Rappaccini's Daughter My Kinsman, Major Molineux The Maypole of Merry Mount The Minister's Black Veil The Artist of the Beautiful Ethan Brand The Custom-House: Introductory to The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter HERMAN MELVILLE (1819--1891) FROM Moby-Dick The Pulpit The Sermon The Mast-Head The Whiteness of the Whale Bartleby, the Scrivener Benito Cereno Billy Budd The Portent Shiloh Malvern Hill The College Colonel A Utilitarian View of the Monitor's Fight The House-Top The Swamp Angel The A olian Harp The Tuft of Kelp The Maldive Shark The Berg Art Greek Architecture LYDIA HOWARD HUNTLEY SIGOURNEY (1791-1865) Indian Names The Indian's Welcome to the Pilgrim Fathers Death of an Infant LYDIAMARIA CHILD (1802-1880) Charity Bowery The Black Saxons Slavery's Pleasant Homes The New England Boy's Song about Thanksgiving Day JOSIAH HENSON (1789-1883) FROM The Life of Josiah Henson FREDERICK DOUGLASS (1818--1895) Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Letter to His Old Master What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? West Indian Emancipation Day Speech HENRY DAVID THOREAU (1817--1862) Civil Disobedience Walden They Who Prepare my Evening Meal Below On Fields O'er Which the Reaper's Hand Has Passed Smoke Conscience My Life Has Been the Poem WILLIAM GILMORE SIMMS (1806-1870) Grayling; or "Murder Will Out" HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW (1807--1882) A Psalm of Life The Arsenal at Springfield The Jewish Cemetery at Newport My Lost Youth Aftermath The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls FROM Hiawatha JOHN GREENLEAF WHITTIER (1807--1892) The Hunters of Men The Farewell Massachusetts to Virginia Toussaint l'Ouverture Song of Slaves in the Desert Barbara Frietchie E. D. E. N. SOUTHWORTH (1819-1899) The Thunderbolt of the Hearth JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL (1819--1891) To the Dandelion FROM The Biglow Papers, First Series FROM A Fable for Critics HARRIET BEECHER STOWE (1811-1896) FROM Uncle Tom's Cabin FANNY FERN (1811--1872) Aunt Hetty on Matrimony Hints to Young Wives Owls Kill Hummingbirds The Tear of a Wife Mrs. Adolphus Smith Sporting the "Blue Stocking" Fresh Fern Leaves: Leaves of Grass Blackwell's Island Blackwell's Island No. 3 Independence The Working Girls of New York WILLIAM WELLS BROWN (1814-1884) The Escape HARRIET ANN JACOBS (1813--1897) FROM Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl JAMES M. WHITFIELD (1822-1871) America Self-Reliance ABRAHAM LINCOLN (1809--1865) To Horace Greeley Gettysburg Address Second Inaugural Address FRANCES E. W. HARPER (1825-1911) Bury Me in a Free Land To the Union Savers of Cleveland Eliza Harris The Slave Mother Learning to Read Aunt Chloe's Politics LOUISA MAY ALCOTT (1832--1888) FROM Little Women FROM Hospital Sketches A Day A Night EMMA LAZARUS (1849-1887) In the Jewish Synagogue at Newport The New Colossus 1492 WALT WHITMAN (1819--1892) Preface to the 1855 Edition of Leaves of Grass Song of Myself FROM Inscriptions To You One's-Self I Sing When I read the book I Hear America Singing Poets to Come FROM Children of Adam From pent-up aching rivers Out of the rolling ocean the crowd As Adam, Early in the Morning Once I pass'd through a populous city FROM Calamus What Think You I take My Pen In Hand? I saw in Louisiana a live-oak growing I hear it was charged against me Crossing Brooklyn Ferry FROM Sea-Drift Out of the cradle endlessly rocking FROM By the Roadside When I heard the learn'd astronomer The Dalliance of the Eagles FROM Drum-Taps Beat! Beat! Drums! Cavalry Crossing a Ford Bivouac on a Mountain Side Vigil strange I kept on the field one night A sight in camp in the daybreak gray and dim The Wound-Dresser As I Lay with My Head in Your Lap Camerado FROM Memories of President Lincoln When lilacs last in the dooryard bloom'd FROM Autumn Rivulets There was a child went forth Sparkles from the Wheel Who Learns My Lesson Complete? Passage to India The Sleepers From Whispers of Heavenly Death A noiseless patient spider FROM Noon to Starry Night To a Locomotive in Winter FROM Democratic Vistas EMILY DICKINSON (1830--1886) 49 I never lost as much but twice 67 Success is counted sweetest 125 For each ecstatic instant 130 These are the days when Birds come back 165 A Wounded Deer -- leaps highest 185 "Faith" is a fine invention 210 The thought beneath so slight a film 214 I taste a liquor never brewed 216 Safe in their Alabaster Chambers 241 I like a look of Agony 249 Wild Nights--Wild Nights! 258 There's a certain Slant of light 280 I felt a Funeral, in my Brain 287 A Clock stopped 303 The Soul selects her own Society 324 Some keep the Sabbath going to Church 328 A Bird came down the Walk 338 I know that He exists 341 After great pain, a formal feeling comes 401 What Soft--Cherubic Creatures 414 'Twas like a Maelstrom, with a notch 435 Much Madness is divinest Sense 441 This is my letter to the World 448 This was a Poet--It is That 449 I died for Beauty--but was scarce 465 I heard a Fly buzz--when I died 510 It was not Death, for I stood up 520 I started Early--Took my Dog 585 I like to see it lap the Miles 613 They shut me up in Prose 632 The Brain--is wider than the sky 640 I cannot live with You 650 Pain--has an Element of Blank 657 I dwell in Possibility 670 One need not be a Chamber--to be Haunted 709 Publication--is the Auction 712 Because I could not stop for Death 732 She rose to His Requirement--dropt 745 Renunciation--is a piercing Virtue 754 My life had stood--a Loaded Gun 764 Presentiment--is that long Shadow--on the Lawn 976 Death is a Dialogue between 986 A narrow Fellow in the Grass 1052 I never saw a Moor 1078 The Bustle in a House 1129 Tell all the truth but tell it slant 1207 He preached upon "Breadth" till it argued him narrow 1463 A Route of Evanescence 1545 The Bible is an antique Volume 1624 Apparently with no surprise 1670 In Winter in my Room 1732 My life closed twice before its close 1755 To make a prairie it takes a clover and one bee 1760 Elysium is as far as to Letters to T. W. Higginson