In Northern Ireland a peaceful and inclusive society can only be created if substantial inequalities can be eroded or eliminated. Fair employment is of paramount importance in achieving this and it has been one of the most important areas of public policy interventions in Northern Ireland in the past generation. In trying to provide greater equality in employment between the two ethno-religious communities, fair employment has been at the heart of the conflict in the province. In this new and important study nine contributors evaluate the effectiveness of fair employment policies and also to identify areas where there is still work to be done. These various contributions not only discuss social and legal changes and shifts in the labor market in the last thirty years, but also give pressing reasons why policy makers may need to think about equality in fresh ways.