The first target group for this book is the pharmacists who wish to update their knowledge of biotechnology. A second target group is the present generation of pharmacy students at our universities; and thirdly, the pharmaceutical scientist who has not been in contact with modern biotechnology and wishes to familiarize him or herself with the principles of this fast moving field. Therefore, we hope that this book will be used at universities, in life-long learning courses, and in the professional environment of the pharmacist and industrial pharmaceutical scientist all over the world. For educational purposes, each chapter is concluded with a number of self-assessment questions and a number of literature references for further reading. The multicolor printing of the artwork in this book should assist the reader in mastering the contents of this book.