I. Introduction.- 1 Historical Dynamics in the Contact Era.- II. Theoretical Orientations on Culture Contact.- 2 Structure and History: Combining Archaeology and Ethnohistory in the Contact Period Caribbean.- 3 The Persistence of an Explanatory Dilemma in Contact Period Studies.- III. North America: Encounters with Villagers and Chiefdoms.- 4 Stone Tools, Steel Tools: Contact Period Household Technology at Helo.- 5 The Social and Material Implications of Culture Contact on the Northern Plains.- 6 Kee-Oh-Na-Wah-Wah: The Effects of European Contact on the Caddoan Indians of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Oklahoma.- 7 Economic and Adaptive Change among the Lake Superior Chippewa of the Nineteenth Century.- 8 Historic Creek Indian Responses to European Trade and the Rise of Political Factions.- 9 Assessing the Significance of European Goods in Seventeenth-Century Narragansett Society.- IV. Mesoamerica: Encounters with States.- 10 Socioeconomic Change within Native Society in Colonial Soconusco, New Spain.- 11 The Living Pay for the Dead: Trade, Exploitation, and Social Change in Early Colonial Izalco, El Salvador.- 12 Urban and Rural Dimensions of the Contact Period: Central Mexico, 15211620.- V. Conclusion.- Afterword.