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To The Student
Rhetoric
Chapter 1 Writing: A First Look
The Purposes of Writing
The Audience for Your Writing
The Qualities of Good Writing
Writing and Ethics 1
Chapter 2 Strategies for Successful Reading
Orienting Your Reading
A First Reading
Additional Readings
Mastering Reading Problems
Reading to Critique
Reading Assignments Carefully
Reading as a Writer
The Appeal of the Androgynous Man
by Amy Gross
Writing About What You Read
Chapter 3 Planning and Drafting Your Paper
Understanding the Assignment
Zeroing In on a Topic
Gathering Information
Organizing the Information
Creating an Outline
Developing a Thesis Statement
Writing the First Draft
Planning and Drafting with a Computer
Chapter 4 Revising and Editing Your Paper
Preparing to Revise
Considering the Whole Essay
Strengthening Paragraph Structure and Development
Sharpening Sentences and Words
Writing the Introduction and Conclusion
Selecting a Title
Peer Evaluation of Drafts
Proofreading Your Draft
Revising with a computer
Collaborative Writing
Maintaining and Reviewing a Portfolio
Chapter 5 Paragraphs
Characteristics of Effective Paragraphs
Paragraphs with Special Functions
Chapter6 Effective Sentences
Sentence Strategies
Chapter 7 Diction, Tone, Style
Toward Clear Diction
Toward Rhetorical Effect
Special Stylistic Techniques
Eliminating Flawed Diction
Chapter 8 Narration: Relating Events
Purpose
Action
Conflict
Point of View
Key Events
Dialogue
Ethical Issues
Writing a Narrative
*SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF NARRATION: Joy through the Tears by Brittany Coggin
Critical Edge
Chapter 9 Description: Presenting Impressions
Purpose
Sensory Impressions
Dominant Impression
Vantage Point
Selection of Details
Arrangement of Details
Ethical Issues
Writing a Description
*SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF DESCRIPTION: My Serenity by Rachel Harvey
Critical Edge
Chapter 10 Process Analysis: Explaining How
Kinds of Process Analysis Papers
Ethical Issues
Writing a Process Analysis
*SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF PROCESS ANALYSIS: Basic Song Writing Technique by Hannah Hill
Critical Edge
Chapter 11 Illustration: Making Yourself Clear
Selecting Appropriate Examples
Number of Examples
Organizing the Examples
Ethical Issues
Writing an Illustration
SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF ILLUSTRATION: If It Is Worth Doing by Janice Carlton
Critical Edge
Chapter 12 Classification: Grouping into Categories
Selecting Categories
Number of Categories
Developing Categories
Ethical Issues
Writing a Classification
SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF CLASSIFICATION: Types of Video Games for Children by Kyra Glass
Critical Edge
Chapter 13 Comparison: Showing Relationships
Selecting Items for Comparison
Developing a Comparison
Organizing a Comparison
Using Analogy
Ethical Issues
Writing a Comparison
*SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF COMPARISON: Differences between Korean and English by Sunho Lee
Critical Edge
Chapter 14 Cause and Effect: Explaining Why
Patterns in Causal Analysis
Reasoning Errors in Causal Analysis
Ethical Issues
Writing a Causal Analysis
SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF CAUSE AND EFFECT: Why Students Drop Out of College by Diann Fisher
Critical Edge
Chapter 15 Definition: Establishing Boundaries
Types of Definitions
Ethical Issues
Writing an Extended Definition
SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF DEFINITION: Rediscovering Patriotism by Peter Wing
Critical Edge
Chapter 16 Argument: Convincing Others
The Rational Appeal
Reasoning Strategies
The Emotional Appeal
The Ethical Appeal
Ferreting Out Fallacies
Ethical Issues
Writing an Argument
*SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY OF ARGUMENT: Bottled Troubled Water by Scott Lemanski
Critical Edge
Chapter 17 Mixing the Writing Strategies
Why and How to Mix Strategies
Ethical Issues
Problem/Solution Report
Evaluation Report
*SAMPLE ESSAY USING SEVERAL WRITING STRATEGIES: Eating Alone in Restaurants by Bruce Jay Friedman
Critical Edge
Chapter 18 The Essay Examination
Studying for the Examination
Types of Test Questions
Preparing to Write
Writing the Examination Answer
Chapter 19 Writing About Literature
The Elements of Literature
Ethical Issues
Writing a Paper on Literature
SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY ON LITERATURE: Scratchy Wilson: No Cardboard Character by Wendell Stone
Electronic Chapter:
Business Letters and Resumes
This chapter, enhanced with fourteen case-based business writing scenarios, appears after the
index in the e-Book version of MyCompLab for this text. If your book did not come packaged
with access to MyCompLab and you wish to gain access, please visit www.mycomplab.com and be
sure to specify e-Book Version.
Research Guide
Chapter 20 The Research Paper
Learning About Your Library
Choosing a Topic
Assembling a Working Bibliography
Taking Notes
Organizing and Outlining
Ethical Issues
Writing Your Research Paper
SAMPLE MLA STUDENT RESEARCH PAPER: House Arrest: An Attractive Alternative to Incarceration by Keith Jacque
Using a Computer
Chapter 21 Documenting Sources
Preparing Proper MLA Bibliographic References
Preparing Proper APA Bibliographic References
Handling In-Text Citations
Handling Quotations
Avoiding Plagiarism
Chapter 22 Additional Research Strategies: Interviews, Questionnaires, Direct Observations
The Value of Primary Research
General Principles for Primary Research
Ethical Issues
Interviews
SAMPLE STUDENT INTERVIEW REPORT: Budget Cuts Affect State Police: An Interview Report with Officer Robert Timmons by Holly Swain
Questionnaires
SAMPLE STUDENT QUESTIONNAIRE: Survey on Public Smoking
SAMPLE STUDENT QUESTIONNAIRE REPORT: Findings from Smoking Questionnaire Distributed to Bartram College Students by Kelly Reetz
Direct Observations
SAMPLE STUDENT OBSERVATION REPORT: Observations of an Inner-City Apartment Building by Caleb Thomas
Reader
Rhetorical Table of Contents
Narration
The Perfect Picture by James Alexander Thom
Sound and Fury by Dan Greenburg
Momma's Encounter by Maya Angelou
The Scholarship Jacket by Marta Salinas
Description
When the Full Moon Shines Its Magic over Monument Valley by John V. Young
Assembly Line Adventure by Lesley Hazleton
Once More to the Lake by E. B. White
Process Analysis
Fast Track to Perfection by Ian Dunbar
*Taking Carbon Down by Caroline Golman
Let's Get Vertical! by Beth Wald
Can Generation Xers Be Trained? by Shari Caudron
Illustration
Binge Drinking: A Campus Killer by Sabrina Rubin Erdely
Rambos of the Road by Martin Gottfried
Going for Broke by Matea Gold and David Ferrell
The Company Man by Ellen Goodman
Classification
What Are Friends for? by Marion Winik
The Men We Carry in Our Minds by Scott Russell Sanders
A Tale of Four Learners by Bernice McCarthy
Which Stooge Are You? by Ron Geraci
Comparison
Grant and Lee: A Study in Contrasts by Bruce Catton
Conversational Ballgames by Nancy Masterson Sakamoto
Barbie Doesn't Live Here Anymore by Mariflo Stephens
Private Language, Public Language by Richard Rodriguez
Art Form for the Digital Age by Henry Jenkins
Cause and Effect
Old Father Time Becomes a Terror by Richard Tomkins
Why We Keep Stuff by Caroline Knapp
Why Marriages Fail by Anne Roiphe
*Why We Flirt by Belinda Luscombe and Kate Stinchfield
Definition
The Sweet Smell of Success Isn't All That Sweet by Laurence Shames
The Blended Economy by Marc Zwelling
*Krumping by Marc Zwelling
Argument
*The Problem with Single-Payer Plans by Ezekiel J. Emanuel
*Has Canada Got the Cure? by Holly Dressel
The Misguided Zeal of the Privacy Lobby by Alan Ehrenhalt
Halt and Show Your Papers! by Barbara Dority
I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King, Jr.
A Journalist's View of Black Economics by William Rasberry
*The Case for Amnesty by Nathan Thornburgh
*Not Amnesty but Attrition by Mark Krikorian
Mixing the Writing Strategies
*Supermarket Pastoral by Michael Pollan
From Social Bodies: Tightening the Bonds of Beauty by Deborah A. Sullivan
Gender Gap in Cyberspace by Deborah Tannen
* new to this edition