The primary objective of this book is to offer practical means for strengthening the economics and policy dimension of the agroforestry discipline. This book, written by the leading experts in economics and agroforestry, encompasses case studies from Australia, China, Kenya, India, Indonesia, Malawi, Mexico, Micronesia, Tanzania, United Kingdom, United States, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The applied economic methodologies encompass a wide variety of case studies including enterprise/farm budget models through Faustmann models, Policy Analysis Matrix, production function approach, risk assessment models, dynamic programming, linear programming, meta-modeling, contingent valuation, attribute-based choice experiments, econometric modeling, and institutional economic analysis. It is our belief that these methodologies help agroforestry students and professionals conduct rigorous assessment of economic and policy aspects of agroforestry systems and to produce less biased and more credible information. Furthermore, the economic and policy issues explored in the book - profitability, environmental benefits, risk reduction, household constraints, rural development, and institutional arrangements - are central to further agroforestry adoption in both tropical and temperate regions. All of the chapters in this volume were subject to rigorous peer review by at least one other contributing author and one external reviewer. We would like to acknowledge the indispensable collaboration of those who provided careful external reviews: Ken Andrasko, Chris Andrew, Peter Boxall, Norman Breuer, Bill Hyde, Tom Holmes, Sherry Larkin, Jagannadharao Matta, Venkatrao Nagubadi, Roz Naylor, Thomas Randolph, Gerald Shively, Changyou Sun, Bo Jellesmark Thorsen, and Yaoqi Zhang. All reviews were coordinated by the book editors.