I. Tools of Thinking, Reading, and Writing 1. Thinking Through Writing Thinking and Writing in College The Thinking-Writing Model Rhetoric and the Writing Situation Colin Powell, from My American Journey The Writing Process Natalie Goldberg, Writing Is Not a Mcdonald's Hamburger 2. Reading Actively, Reading Critically Reading in College Reading Actively Reading Critically Practicing Active and Critical Reading: One Student's Approach Sonja Tanner, On Plato's Cave Julia Alvarez, Grounds for Fiction Making Meaning 3. Thinking Critically, Writing Thoughtfully From Insight to Writing to Informed Beliefs (and Back Again) Thinking Actively and Writing Thinking Independently Supporting Diverse Perspectives with Reasons and Evidence Annie Dillard, from An American Childhood Stephen Jay Gould, Reversing Established Orders Jane Smiley, The Case Against Chores Writing Project: An Experience That Influenced a Belief Student Writing: Eli Sharp's Writing Process Eli Sharp, An Argument for Chores 4. Viewing Critically, Thinking Creatively Creative Thinking, Critical Viewing, and Writing Creative and Critical Thinking About Images Reading Images Critically Living Creatively Becoming More Creative: Understand and Trust the Process Where Do Ideas Come From? Alan Lightman, Spellbound by the Eternal Riddle, Scientists Revel in Their Captivity Bill Breen, The 6 Myths of Creativity Writing Project: Imagining Your Life Lived More Creatively Student Writing: Jessie Lange's Writing Process: Freewriting Jessie Lange, Discovering Creativity by Not Looking for It Thinking Critically About Images: Seeing and Believing 5. Making Decisions and Drafting Decisions While Drafting Decisions in Your Life Frederick Douglass, from Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave Sara Corbett, The Lost Boys Writing Project: Analyzing a Decision to Be Made Student Writing: Wendy Agudo's Writing Process Wendy Agudo, Freedom Student Writing: Cynthia Brown's Writing Process Cynthia Brown, Freedom and the Constraint of Time 6. Revising Thoughtfully, Using Language Ethically Recognizing Effective Use of Language Malcolm X, with Alex Haley, from The Autobiography of Malcolm X Making Decisions When Revising Drafts Donald M. Murray, The Maker's Eye: Revising Your Own Manuscripts Mary Blume, If You Can't Master English, Try Globish Using Language Ethically Martin Luther King Jr., I Have a Dream Using Language to Influence Daniel Pipes, Beslan Atrocity: They're Terrorists--Not Activists Writing Project: The Impact of Language on Our Lives Student Writing: Jessie Lange's Writing Process Jessie Lange, The Power of Language II. Thinking and Writing to Shape Our World 7. Exploring Perceptions: Writing to Describe and Narrate Thinking Critically About Perceptions Writing Thoughtfully About Perceptions Temple Grandin, Animal Feelings Chronological Relationships Atul Gawande, The Learning Curve Writing Project: A Narrative Showing the Effect of a Perception Student Writing: Joshua Chaffee's Writing Process Joshua Chaffee, We're All at Ground Zero 8. Exploring Concepts: Writing to Classify and Define What Are Concepts? Forming Concepts Applying Concepts A Casebook on Gender and Sexuality Joseph Berger, Choosing Clothes, but Not Husbands Scott Russell Sanders, The Inheritance of Tools Theodore Roethke, My Papa's Waltz Louise Erdrich, The Names of Women Richard Cohen, Men and Their Hidden Feelings Carol Tavris, How Friendship Was 'Feminized' Jamaica Kincaid, Girl Using Concepts to Classify Defining Concepts Writing Thoughtfully to Define Concepts Writing Project: Defining an Important Concept Student Writing: Nawang Doma Sherpa's Writing Process Nawang Doma Sherpa, Freedom for Enlightenment Student Writing: Jordan Carlsen's Writing Process Jordan Carlsen, Masculinity Makes a Good Man 9. Exploring Perspectives and Relationships: Writing to Compare and Evaluate Perceptions and Perspectives Casebook: Perception and Perspective on Reporting Katrina Matt Welch, 'They Shoot Helicopters, Don't They?' How Journalists Spread Rumors During Katrina Brian Thevenot, Myth-Making in New Orleans Russell R. Dynes and Havidan Rodriguez, Finding and Framing Katrina: The Social Construction of Disaster Obtaining More Accurate Perceptions: Adjusting the Lenses Benjamin Franklin, Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America Zitkala-Sa (Gertrude Simmons Bonnin), from The School Days of an Indian Girl Writing Thoughtfully About Perspectives Ted Steinberg, A Natural Disaster, and a Human Tragedy Writing Project: Comparing Perspectives on an Issue or Event Student Writing: Jennifer Wade's Writing Process Jennifer Wade, Where Did All of the Cherokees Go? 10. Exploring Cause and Effect: Writing to Speculate Kinds of Causal Relationships Ways of Testing Causes Identifying Causal Fallacies Detecting Causal Claims Writing Thoughtfully About Causal Relationships Writing Project: Exploring Some Causes of a Recent Event Student Writing: Daniel Eggers's Writing Process Daniel Eggers, Was It Only a Dream? III. Thinking and Writing to Explore Issues and Take Positions 11. Believing and Knowing: Writing to Analyze Ways of Forming Beliefs Nicholas Confessore, For Katrina Evacuee, Getting Help Is a Full-Time Job Evaluating Sources and Information Believing and Knowing Alan Lightman, Is the Earth Round or Flat? Ways of Presenting Beliefs Stephen Jay Gould, Evolution as Fact and Theory Presenting Beliefs in Your Writing Writing Project: Analyzing Influences on Your Beliefs About a Social or Academic Issue Student Writing: Jessie Lange's Writing Process Jessie Lange, Dealing with Sex Offenders 12. Solving Problems: Writing to Propose Solutions Problems in Personal and Civic Life Basics of the Problem-Solving Method The Problem-Solving Method in Detail Solving Social Problems Sumanthi Reddy, Hopkins Targets Campus Racism David Shenk, Young Hate Nancy Gibbs, When Is It Rape? Taking a Problem-Solving Approach to Writing Writing Project: Proposing a Solution to a Problem Student Writing: Joshua Bartlett's Writing Process Joshua Bartlett, Critical Thinking About Uncritical Drinking 13. Constructing Arguments: Writing to Persuade Principles of Argument James Montgomery Flagg, I Want You for the U.S. Army U.S. Army, www.goarmy.com Recognizing Arguments Gore Vidal Drugs A.M. Rosenthal, The Case for Slavery Arguments as Inferences Evaluating Arguments David Gonzalez, In No Hurry for the Next Leg of the Journey John L. Miller, Hospice Care or Assisted Suicide: a False Dichotomy Forms of Argument Deductive Reasoning Other Deductive Forms More Fallacies: Forms of False Reasoning Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions Deductive and Inductive Reasoning in Writing Principles for Writing Responsible Arguments Writing Project: Arguing a Position on a Significant Issue Student Writing: Josephine Cimino's Writing Process Josephine R. Cimino, Cellular Phones in Public Schools Thinking Critically About Images: Visual Persuasion 14. Thinking About Research: Writing About Investigations Rewards of Research Starting with Questions Searching for Information Using Information Moving from Questions to Thesis Understanding Plagiarism and Using Information Ethically Taking Notes Preparing an Annotated Bibliography Integrating Source Material The Logic Behind Documentation Formats Working Thoughtfully on Research Projects Writing Project: a Research Paper Annotated Student Research Paper with Outline and Drafts Sample Student Research Paper: Chris Buxton-Smith, Lest We Forget About Rwanda Appendix. MLA and APA Documentation Styles Modern Language Association Style American Psychological Association Style Credits Index
