*=NEW TO THIS EDITION ; PART I: PHILOSOPHY ; Introduction: On the Study of Philosophy ; Bertrand Russell, The Value of Philosophy ; Plato, Apology: Defence of Socrates ; PART II: GOD AND EVIL ; A. WHY BELIEVE? ; St. Anselm, The Ontological Argument ; St. Thomas Aquinas, The Existence of God ; William Paley, Natural Theology ; Blaise Pascal, The Wager ; Bertrand Russell, Why I Am Not a Christian ; B. THE PROBLEM OF EVIL ; David Hume, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion ; Gottfried Leibniz, God, Evil, and the Best of All Possible Worlds ; John Perry, Dialogue on Good, Evil, and the Existence of God ; PART III: KNOWLEDGE AND REALITY ; A. PLATO AND THE CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE ; Plato, Theaetetus ; Edmund L. Gettier, Is Justified True Belief Knowledge? ; B. DESCARTES AND THE PROBLEMS OF SKEPTICISM ; Rene Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy ; Christopher Grau, Bad Dreams, Evil Demons, and the Experience Machine: Philosophy and The Matrix ; Robert Nozick, Excerpt from Philosophical Explanations ; C. HUME'S PROBLEMS AND SOME SOLUTIONS ; David Hume, Of Scepticism with Regard to the Senses ; David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding ; W. C. Salmon, The Problem of Induction ; PART IV: MINDS, BODIES, AND PERSONS ; A. THE TRADITIONAL PROBLEM OF MIND AND BODY ; Bertrand Russell, The Argument from Analogy for Other Minds ; Gilbert Ryle, Descartes's Myth ; David M. Armstrong, The Nature of Mind ; Daniel Dennett, Intentional Systems ; Paul M. Churchland, Eliminative Materialism ; Frank Jackson, What Mary Didn't Know ; B. MINDS, BRAINS, AND MACHINES ; A. M. Turing, Computing Machines and Intelligence ; John R. Searle, Minds, Brains, and Programs ; C. PERSONAL IDENTITY ; John Perry, A Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality ; Bernard Williams, The Self and the Future ; Derek Parfit, Personal Identity ; J. David Velleman, So It Goes ; Daniel Dennett, Where Am I? ; D. FREEDOM, DETERMINISM, AND RESPONSIBILITY ; Roderick M. Chisholm, Human Freedom and the Self ; Peter van Inwagen, The Powers of Rational Beings: Freedom of the Will ; David Hume, On Liberty and Necessity ; Harry Frankfurt, Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility ; * John Martin Fischer, Responsiveness and Moral Responsibility ; Harry Frankfurt, Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person ; Thomas Nagel, Moral Luck ; PART V: ETHICS AND SOCIETY ; A. UTILITARIANISM ; Jeremy Bentham, The Principle of Utility ; John Stuart Mill, tilitarianism ; E. F. Carritt, Criticisms of Utilitarianism ; J. J. C. Smart, Extreme and Restricted Utilitarianism ; Bernard Williams, Utilitarianism and Integrity ; Peter Singer, Famine, Affluence, and Morality ; B. KANTIAN ETHICS ; Immanuel Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals ; J. David Velleman, A Brief Introduction to Kantian Ethics ; Onora O'Neill, Kantian Approaches to Some Famine Problems ; C. ARISTOTELIAN ETHICS ; Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics ; * Rosalind Hursthouse, Right Action ; D. JUSTICE AND EQUALITY ; John Rawls, A Theory of Justice ; Robert Nozick, Justice and Entitlement ; G. A. Cohen, Where the Action Is: On the Site of Distributive Justice ; John Stuart Mill, The Subjection of Women ; Debra Satz, Markets in Women's Reproductive Labor ; Kwame Anthony Appiah, Racisms ; E. CHALLENGES TO MORALITY ; Plato, The Republic ; David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals ; David Gauthier, Morality and Advantage ; J. L. Mackie, The Subjectivity of Values ; Gilbert Harmon, Ethics and Observation ; Nicholas L. Sturgeon, Moral Explanations ; PART VI: EXISTENTIAL ISSUES ; Susan Wolf, Moral Saints ; Thomas Nagel, The Absurd ; Albert Camus, The Myth of Sisyphus ; Richard Taylor, The Meaning of Human Existence ; Susan Wolf, The Meanings of Lives ; * Thomas Nagel, Sexual Perversion ; * Alan H. Goldman, Plain Sex ; Thomas Nagel, Death ; * Anthony L. Brueckner and John Martin Fischer, Why Is Death Bad? ; PART VII: PUZZLES AND PARADOXES ; A. ZENO'S PARADOXES ; B. METAPHYSICAL AND EPISTEMOLOGICAL PUZZLES AND PARADOXES ; C. PUZZLES OF RATIONAL CHOICE ; D. PARADOXES OF LOGIC, SET THEORY, AND SEMANTICS ; E. PUZZLES OF ETHICS ; Glossary of Philosophical Terms
