I. INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION PRELIMINARIES
1. Universals of Interpersonal Communication
The Importance of Interpersonal Communication
The Nature of Interpersonal Communication
Characteristics of Interpersonal Communication
Forms of Interpersonal
Communication
Purposes of Interpersonal Communication
Elements of Interpersonal Communication
Source-Receiver
Encoding-Decoding
Messages
Channel
Noise
Context
Ethics
Competence
Axioms of Interpersonal Communication
Interpersonal Communication Is a Transactional Process
Interpersonal Communication
Is Ambiguous
Interpersonal Relationships May Be Symmetrical or Complementary
Interpersonal Communication Refers to Content and Relationship
Interpersonal
Communication Is a Series of Punctuated Events
Interpersonal Communication Is
Inevitable, Irreversible, and Unrepeatable
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
2. Culture in Interpersonal Communication
Culture and Interpersonal Communication
The Nature of Culture
The Relevance of Culture
The Aim of a Cultural
Perspective
How Cultures Differ
Power Distances
Masculine and Feminine Cultures
Individual and Collective
Orientation
High- and Low-Context Cultures
Intercultural Communication
A Model of Intercultural Communication
Principles for Improving Intercultural
Communication
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
3. The Self in Interpersonal Communication
Dimensions of the Self
Self-Concept
Self-Awareness
Self-Esteem
Self-Disclosure
Influences on Self-Disclosure
Rewards of Self-Disclosure
Dangers of Self-
Disclosure: Risks Ahead
Guidelines for Self-Disclosure
Communication Apprehension
The Nature of Communication Apprehension
Theories of Communication
Apprehension Management
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
4. Perception in Interpersonal Communication
Stages of Perception
Stage One: Stimulation
Stage Two: Organization
Stage Three: Interpretation-
Evaluation
Stage Four: Memory
Stage Five: Recall
Implications of the Model of Perception
Perceptual Processes
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Implicit Personality Theory
Perceptual
Accentuation
Primacy-Recency
Consistency
Attribution
Increasing Accuracy in Interpersonal Perception
Analyze Perceptions
Check Perceptions
Reduce Uncertainty
Increase Cultural Sensitivity
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
5. Listening in Interpersonal Communication
Stages of Listening
Stage One: Receiving
Stage Two: Understanding
Stage Three:
Remembering
Stage Four: Evaluating
Stage Five: Responding
Implications of the Model of Listening
Styles of Effective Listening
Empathic and Objective Listening
Nonjudgmental and Critical Listening
Surface and Depth Listening
Active and Inactive Listening
Culture, Gender, and Listening
Culture and Listening
Gender and Listening
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
II. MESSAGES: VERBAL AND NONVERBAL
6. Universals of Verbal and Nonverbal Messages
The Interaction of Verbal and Nonverbal Messages
Meaning Principles
Meanings Are in People
Meanings Are More than Words and Gestures
Meanings Are Unique
Meanings Are Context-Based
Message Principles
Messages Are Packaged
Messages Are Rule-Governed
Messages Vary in Abstraction
Messages Vary in Politeness
Messages Vary in Inclusion
Messages Vary in Directness
Messages Vary in Assertiveness
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
7. Verbal Messages
Language Symbolizes Reality
Intensional Orientation
Allness
Language Expresses Both Facts and Inferences
Language Expresses Both Denotation and Connotation
Language Can Criticize and Praise
Language Can Obscure Distinctions
Indiscrimination
Polarization
Static Evaluation
Language Can Confirm and Disconfirm
Talking with the Grief Stricken
Sexism
Heterosexism
Racism
Ageism
Sexist, Heterosexist, Racist, and Ageist Listening
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
8. Nonverbal Messages
Nonverbal Communication Functions
Impression Formation and Management
Forming and Defining Relationships
Structuring Conversation and Social Interaction
Influence
Emotional
Expression
Nonverbal Communication Channels
Body Communication
Facial Communication
Eye Communication
Touch Communication
Paralanguage and Silence
Spatial Messages
Artifactual Communication
Temporal Communication
Nonverbal Communication and Culture
Culture and Facial Expression
Culture and Colors
Culture and Touch
Culture, Paralanguage, and Silence
Culture and Time
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
9. Messages and Conversation
The Conversation Process
Opening
Feedforward
Business
Feedback
Closing
Conversational Management
Initiating Conversations
Maintaining Conversations
Closing
Conversations
Conversational Problems: Prevention and Repair
Preventing Conversational Problems: The Disclaimer
Repairing Conversational Problems: The Excuse
Gossip and the Grapevine
Gossip
The Grapevine
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
III. INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
10. Universals of Interpersonal Relationships
Characteristics of Interpersonal Relationships
Psychological Data
Explanatory Knowledge
Personally Established
Rules
Stages in Interpersonal Relationships
Contact
Involvement
Intimacy
Deterioration
Repair
Dissolution
Implications of the Model of Relationships
Relationships in a Context of Culture and Technology
Relationships and Culture
Relationships and Technology
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
11. Interpersonal Relationships: Growth and Deterioration
Relationship Development
Attraction Theory
Social Exchange Theory
Equity Theory
Relationship Maintenance
Reasons for Maintaining Relationships
Rules for Maintaining Relationships
Communication for Maintaining Relationships
Relationship Deterioration
Causes of Relationship Deterioration
Effects of Relationship Deterioration
Relationship Repair
Interpersonal Repair
Intrapersonal Repair
Relationship Dissolution
Strategies of Disengagement
Dealing with a Breakup
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
12. Interpersonal Relationships: Friendship, Love, Family, and Workplace
Friendship
Friendship Types
Friendship and Communication
Friendship, Culture, and Gender
Love
Love Types
Love and Communication
Love, Culture, and Gender
Family
Characteristics of Families
Family Types
Family and Communication
Workplace Relationships
Romantic Relationships
Mentoring Relationships
Networking Relationships
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
13. Conflict in Interpersonal Relationships
Principles of Interpersonal Conflict
Conflict Is Inevitable
Conflict Can Have Negative and Positive Effects
Conflict Can Focus on Content and/or Relationship Issues
Conflict Styles Have Consequences
Conflict Is Influenced by Culture
Conflict Management Stages
Define the Conflict
Examine Possible Solutions
Test the Solution
Evaluate the Solution
Accept or Reject the Solution
Conflict Management Strategies
Win-Lose and Win-Win Strategies
Avoidance and Active Fighting Strategies
Force and Talk Strategies
Face-Detracting and Face-Enhancing Strategies
Verbal Aggressiveness and Argumentativeness Strategies
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
14. Power in Interpersonal Relationships
Principles of Power
Some People Are More Powerful Than Others
Power Can Be Increased or
Decreased
Power Follows the Principle of Less Interest
Power Has a Cultural Dimension
Power Is Frequently Used Unfairly
Types of Power
Referent Power
Legitimate Power
Expert Power
Information or
Persuasion Power
Reward and Coercive Powers
Communicating Power
Speaking Power
Nonverbal Power
Listening Power
Compliance
Gaining and Compliance Resisting
Empowering Others
Reviewing
Applying
Experiencing
Glossary of Interpersonal Communication Concepts
Glossary of Interpersonal Communication Skills
Bibliography
Index
Credits