Each chapter ends with Further Readings; -=NEW TO THIS EDITION; Preface; Introduction; PART I. THE NATURE OF MORALITY: GOOD AND EVIL; 1. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF MORALITY?; William Golding, Lord of the Flies: A Moral Allegory; Louis P. Pojman, On the Nature and Purpose of Morality: Reflections on William Golding's Lord of the Flies; Thomas Hobbes; 2. GOOD AND EVIL; Herman Melville; Fyodor Dostoevsky; William Styron; - Kevin Bales; Philip Hallie; Stanley Benn; Friedrich Nietzsche; Richard Taylor; 3. IS EVERYTHING RELATIVE?; Herodotus; Ruth Benedict; Louis P. Pojman; Jean Bethke Elshtain; Henrick Ibsen; PART II. MORAL THEORIES AND MORAL CHARACTER; 4. UTILITARIANISM; Jeremy Bentham; Kai Nielsen; Bernard Williams; Ursula Le Guin; Aldous Huxley; 5. DEONTOLOGICAL ETHICS; Immanuel Kant; W. D. Ross; - R. M. MacIver; Richard Whatley; Ambrose Bierce; Charles Fried; - Susan Glaspell; - Plato; Thomas Nagel; 6. VIRTUE ETHICS; Victor Hugo; Aristotle; Bernard Mayo; Nathaniel Hawthorne; William Frankena; 7. VIRTUES AND VICES; Jesus of Nazareth; Leo Tolstoy, How Much Land Does a Man Need?: Greed; Immanuel Kant; Martin Gansberg; Helen Keller, Three Days to See: Gratitude; Epictetus and Others; - Plutarch, In Consolation to His Wife: Equanimity; Vice Admiral James Stockdale; The Story of David and Bathsheba: Lust; Leo Tolstoy; Bertrand Russell; Charles Colson, The Volunteer at Auschwitz: Altruism; PART III. MORAL ISSUES; 8. ETHICS AND EGOISM: WHY SHOULD WE BE MORAL?; Plato; - Ayn Rand; Louis P. Pojman; - James Rachels; 9. DOES LIFE HAVE MEANING?; - Voltaire; Epicurus; Albert Camus; Lois Hope Walker; Viktor Frankl, The Human Search for Meaning: Reflections on Auschwitz; Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha; Robert Nozick; 10. FREEDOM, AUTONOMY, AND SELF-RESPECT; Martin Luther King, Jr; - Maya Angelou; Stanley Milgram; Jean-Paul Sartre; Thomas E. Hill, Jr; - John Benson; - Kurt Vonnegut; PART IV. APPLIED ETHICS: MORAL PROBLEMS; 11. SEX, LOVE, AND MARRIAGE; John Barth; Immanuel Kant; John McMurtry, Monogamy: A Critique; Michael D. Bayles Marriage, Love, and Procreation: A Critique of McMurtry; Bonnie Steinbock; - C. S. Lewis; Hugh LaFollette; 12. IS ABORTION MORALLY PERMISSIBLE?; John T. Noonan, Jr; Mary Anne Warren; Jane English, The Moderate Position: Beyond the Personhood Argument; 13. SUBSTANCE ABUSE: DRUGS AND ALCOHOL; John Stuart Mill; Gore Vidal; William Bennett; Yoshida Kenko; Bonnie Steinbock; 14. OUR DUTIES TO ANIMALS; George Orwell; Immanuel Kant; Peter Singer, Animal Liberation: All Animals Are Equal; Carl Cohen; 15. OUR DUTIES TO THE ENVIRONMENT; Sophocles; Robert Heilbroner; Garrett Hardin; William F. Baxter, People or Penguins: The Case for Optimal Pollution; 16. INTERNATIONAL JUSTICE AND THE THREAT OF TERRORISM; - Joshua and the Destruction of Jericho and Ai; - Martha Nussbaum; - Louis P. Pojman