Preface vi
What's New vi
Tools for Understanding Art History viii
Faculty and Student Resources for Art History xv
Acknowledgements xvi
Use Notes xix
Starter Kit xx
Introduction xxvi
1. PREHISTORIC ART IN EUROPE 1
THE STONE AGE 2
THE PALEOLITHIC PERIOD 2
Shelter or Architecture? 2
Artifacts or Works of Art? 4
Cave Painting 6
THE NEOLITHIC PERIOD 11
Rock-Shelter Art 12
Architecture 13
Sculpture and Ceramics 19
FROM STONE TO METAL 20
The Bronze Age 20
The Proto-Historic Iron Age 21
IN PERSPECTIVE 22
TIMELINE 23
BOXES
THE OBJECT SPEAKS Prehistoric Woman and Man 18
ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
Post-and-Lintel and Corbel Construction 14
TECHNIQUE
Prehistoric Wall Painting 8
Fiber Arts 17
Pottery and Ceramics 20
ART AND ITS CONTEXT
The Power of Naming 5
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
How Early Art Is Dated 13
2. ART OF THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 24
THE FERTILE CRESCENT AND MESOPOTAMIA 26
The First Cities 26
The Arts 28
SOUTHERN MESOPOTAMIA29
Sumer 29
Akkad 36
Lagash and Gudea 37
Babylon: Hammurabi's Code 37
THE HITTITES OF ANATOLIA 37
LATER MESOPOTAMIAN ART 40
Assyria 40
Neo-Babylonia 42
PERSIA42
Empire 42
Persepolis 42
Persian Coinage 45
IN PERSPECTIVE 46
TIMELINE 47
BOXES
THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Code of Hammurabi 38
TECHNIQUE
Cuneiform Writing 32
Textiles 44
Coining Money 46
ART AND ITS CONTEXT
Art as Spoils of War-Protection or Theft? 31
3. ART OF ANCIENT EGYPT 48
THE GIFT OF THE NILE 50
EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT 50
Manetho's List 51
Religion and the State 51
Artistic Conventions 52
Funerary Architecture 55
THE OLD KINGDOM, c. 2575-2150 BCE 56
Architecture: The Pyramids at Giza 57
Sculpture 59
Tomb Decoration 62
THE MIDDLE KINGDOM, c. 1975- c. 1640 BCE 62
Sculpture: Royal Portraits 63
Tomb Architecture and Funerary Objects 63
Town Planning 66
THE NEW KINGDOM, c. 1539-1075 BCE 67
The Great Temple Complexes 67
The Valley of the Kings and Queens 70
Akhenaten and the Art of the Amarna Period 72
The Return to Tradition: Tutankhamun and Rameses I 75
The Books of the Dead 78
LATE EGYPTIAN ART, c. 715-332 BCE 79
IN PERSPECTIVE 80
TIMELINE 81
BOXES
THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Temples of Rameses II
at Abu Simbel 76
ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
Mastaba to Pyramid 56
TECHNIQUE
Preserving the Dead 55
Egyptian Painting and Sculpture 64
Glassmaking and Egyptian Faience 70
ART AND ITS CONTEXT
Egyptian Symbols 52
Hieroglyphic, Hieratic, and Demotic Writing 78
4. AGEAN ART 82
THE BRONZE AGE IN THE AEGEAN 84
THE CYCLADIC ISLANDS 84
THE MINOAN CIVILIZATION ON CRETE 86
The Old Palace Period, c. 1900-1700 BCE 86
The New Palace Period, c. 1700-1450 BCE 89
THE MYCENAEAN (HELLADIC) CULTURE 95
Helladic Architecture 95
Metalwork 102
Sculpture 103
Ceramic Arts 104
IN PERSPECTIVE 104
TIMELINE 105
BOXES
THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Lion Gate 100
TECHNIQUE
Aegean Metalwork 93
ART AND ITS CONTEXT
Pioneers of Aegean Archaeology 88
Homeric Greece 98
5. ART OF ANCIENT GREECE 106
THE EMERGENCE OF GREEK CIVILIZATION 108
Historical Background 108
Religious Beliefs and Sacred Places 109
Historical Divisions of Greek Art 111
GREEK ART FROM c. 900-c. 600 BCE 112
The Geometric Period 112
The Orientalizing Period 114
THE ARCHAIC PERIOD, c. 600-480 BCE 114
Temple Architecture 117
Architectural Sculpture 119
Freestanding Sculpture 121
Vase Painting 125
THE CLASSICAL PERIOD, c. 480-323 BCE 128
The Canon of Polykleitos 128
The Art of the Early Classical Period, 480-450 BCE 129
THE HIGH CLASSICAL PERIOD, c. 450-400 BCE 135
The Acropolis 136
The Parthenon 136
The Propylaia and the Erechtheion 142
The Temple of Athena Nike 144
The Athenian Agora 145
Stele Sculpture 147
Paintings: Murals and Vases 148
THE LATE CLASSICAL PERIOD, c. 400-323 BCE 148
Architecture and Architectural Sculpture 149
Sculpture 151
The Art of the Goldsmith 155
Wall Painting and Mosaics 155
THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD, 323-31/30 BCE 156
The Corinthian Order in Hellenistic Architecture 158
Hellenistic Architecture: The Theater at Epidauros 158
Sculpture 160
The Multicultural Hellenistic World 164
IN PERSPECTIVE 165
TIMELINE 167
BOXES
THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Parthenon 138
ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
Greek Temple Plans 116
The Greek Architectural Orders 118
TECHNIQUE
Greek Painted Vases 114
The Discovery and Conservation of the Riace Warriors 135
ART AND ITS CONTEXT
Greek and Roman Deities 110
Classic and Classical 128
Who Owns the Art? The Elgin Marbles and the Euphronios Vase 145
Women Artists in Ancient Greece 157
6. ETRUSCAN AND ROMAN ART 168
THE ETRUSCANS 170
Etruscan Architecture 170
Etruscan Temples and Their Decoration 171
Tomb Chambers 174
Bronze Work 177
THE ROMANS 178
Origins of Rome 179
Roman Religion 179
THE REPUBLIC, 509-27 BCE 179
Sculpture during the Republic 180
Architecture and Engineering 181
THE EARLY EMPIRE, 27 BCE-96 CE 185
Augustan Art 186
The Julio-Claudians 189
The Roman City and the Roman Home 190
Wall Painting 193
The Flavians 199
THE HIGH IMPERIAL ART OF TRAJAN AND HADRIAN 204
Imperial Architecture 205
Mosaics 213
Sculpture 215
Imperial Portraits 216
THE LATE EMPIRE, THIRD AND FOURTH CENTURIES 218
The Severan Dynasty 218
The Third Century: The Soldier Emperors 220
The Tetrarchy 222
Constantine the Great and His Legacy 224
IN PERSPECTIVE 230
TIMELINE 231
BOXES
THE OBJECT SPEAKS The Unswept Floor 214
ELEMENTS OF ARCHITECTURE
Arch, Vault, and Dome 172
Roman Architectural Orders 174
TECHNIQUE
Roman Mosaics 215
Roman Copies 224
ART AND ITS CONTEXT
Roman Writers on Art 179
Color in Roman Sculpture: A Colorized Augustus 186
The Position of Roman Women 198
World Map WM1
Glossary G1
Bibliography B1
Credits C1
Index I1
