1. INTRODUCTION. Brave New World. Francis Fukuyama, "The End of History?" Samuel P. Huntington, The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century. Azar Gat, "The Return of Authoritarian Great Powers." Samuel Huntington, "The Clash of Civilizations?" Jerry Z. Muller, "Us and Them." James Habyarimana et al., "Is Ethnic Conflict Inevitable? Parting Ways Over Nationalism and Separatism." 2. STATES AND REGIMES. Anthony W. Marx, Making Race and Nation: A Comparison of the United States, South Africa, and Brazil. Susan Strange, The Retreat of the State: The Diffusion of Power in the World Economy. Saskia Sassen, "The State and Globalization." Steven Levitsky and Lucan A. Way, "The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism." Robert I. Rotberg, "Failed States in a World of Terror." John Rapley, "The New Middle Ages." 3. GOVERNING THE ECONOMY. Peter Gourevitch, "Political Economy." Amartya Sen, "The Importance of Democracy."David Coates, revised excerpt of "Models of Capitalism in the New World Order." Peter A. Hall and David Soskice, "An Introduction to Varieties of Capitalism." Richard F. Doner, Bryan K. Ritchie, and Dan Slater, "Systemic Vulnerability and the Origins of Developmental States: Northeast and Southeast Asia in Comparative Perspective." Robert J.S. Ross and Anita Chan, "From North-South to South-South." Reprinted with permission from Joseph E. Stiglitz, "Globalism's Discontents." 4. THE CHALLENGE OF DEMOCRACY. Amartya Sen, "Democracy as a Universal Value." Robert A. Dahl, Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. Philippe C. Schmitter and Terry Lynn Karl, "What Democracy Is ... and Is Not." Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan, "Toward Consolidated Democracies." Valerie Bunce, "Rethinking Democratization: Lessons from the Postcommunist Experience." Guillermo O'Donnell, "Illusions About Consolidation." Thomas Carothers, "The End of the Transition Paradigm." 5. COLLECTIVE IDENTITIES. Pippa Norris and Ronald Inglehart, "Cultural Obstacles to Equal Representation." Seyla Benhabib, The Claims of Culture. Howard Winant, "Race in the Twenty-First Century." Harold L. Wilensky, "Migration and Politics: Explaining Variation among Rich Democracies in Recent Nativist Protest." From Walker Connor, "A Nation Is a Nation, Is a State, Is an Ethnic Group, Is a ..." Vali Nasr, "Lessons from the Muslim World." 6. POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS. Juan Linz, "The Perils of Presidentialism." Edward D. Mansfield and Jack Snyder, "Democratic Transitions, Institutional Strength, and War." Michael McFaul, "Are New Democracies War-Prone?" Henry E. Hale, "Divided We Stand: Institutional Sources of Ethnofederal State Survival and Collapse." Benjamin Reilly, "Electoral Systems for Divided Societies." S. Laurel Weldon, Protest, Policy, and the Problem of Violence Against Women: A Cross-National Comparison. 7. POLITICAL CHALLENGES AND CHANGING AGENDAS. Adam Przeworski, Capitalism and Social Democracy. Sidney Tarrow, Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Politics. Robert D. Putnam, "Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital." Bo Rothstein and Dietlind Stolle, "The State and Social Capital: An Institutional Theory of Generalized Trust." Fareed Zakaria, "The Way Out," excerpts from The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad. Bill McKibben, "An Alternative to Progress." Jeffrey D. Sachs, Common Wealth: Economics for a Crowded Planet.