SECTION I ESOPHAGUS Anatomy of the Esophagus and the Foregut Congenital Anomalies of the Esophagus Deglutition Benign Disease of Esophagus Esophageal Diverticula Foreign Bodies in the Esophagus Caustic Injury of the Esophagus Esophageal Varicosities Esophageal Rupture and Perforation Eosinophilic Esophagitis GERD Sliding and Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernias Types 1, 2, and 3 Esophageal Motility Disorders Neoplastic Disease of the Esophagus SECTION II STOMACH AND DUODENUM Anatomy of the Stomach and Duodenum Gastric Secretion Factors Influencing Gastric Activity Role of the Stomach in Digestion Gastric Acid Secretion Tests: Hydrochloric Acid and Gastrin Effect of Drugs on Gastric Function Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Coated Tongue, Halitosis, and Thrush Aerophagia and Eructation Motility of the Stomach Gastroparesis and Gastric Motility Disorders Pyloric Obstruction and the Effects of Vomiting Nausea and Vomiting Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Diverticula of the Stomach and Gastrointestinal Prolapse Diverticula of the Duodenum Dyspepsia, Functional Dyspepsia, and Nonulcer Dyspepsia Helicobacter pylori Infection Gastritis: General, Erosive and Acute Peptic Ulcer Disease Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Therapeutic Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Benign Tumors of the Stomach and GISTs Gastrintestinal Lymphoma and Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Cancers of the Stomach Tumors of the Duodenum Principles of Gastric Surgery Postgastrectomy Complications: Partial Gastrectomy Effects of Total Gastrectomy SECTION III Abdominal wall Anatomy of the Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region Peritoneum and Related Diseases Mesenteric Ischemia and other Vascular Lesions Alimentary Tract Obstruction and Intestinal Injuries Abdominal wall and abdominal cavity hernias Abdominal Cavity Access: Open Laparotomy, Laparoscopy, and Robotic access SECTION IV SMALL INTESTINE Anatomy of the Small Intestine Secretory, Digestive, and Absorptive Functions of the Small Intestine Gastrointestinal Hormones and Neurotransmitters Imaging of the Small Intestine Visceral Reflexes Congenital Abnormalities of the Small Intestine Meckel Diverticulum Diverticula of the Small Intestine Motility and Dysmotility of the Small Intestine Obstruction and Ileus of the Small Intestine Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Evaluation of the Small Bowel Lactose, Fructose, and Sucrose Intolerance Diarrhea Celiac Disease and Malabsorption Whipple Disease Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Short Bowel Syndrome Food Allergy Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Intussusception of the Small Intestine Benign Tumors of the Small Intestine Malignant Tumors of the Small Intestine Carcinoid Syndrome and Neuroendocrine Tumors Ileostomy, Colostomy, and Gastroenteric Stromas SECTION V COLON, RECTUM, AND ANUS Anatomy of the Colon, Rectum, and Anus Secretory, Digestive, and Absorptive Functions of the Colon and Colonic Flora Probiotics, Prebiotics and the Microbiota Anoscopy, Sigmoidoscopy, and Colonoscopy Laparoscopy and Laparotomy Stool Examination Intestinal Bleeding Motility and Dysmotility of the Large Intestine Normal Defecation and Pathophysiology of Fecal Incontinence Constipation Effects of Drugs on the Colon Megacolon and Hirschsprung Disease Volvulus, Sigmoid and Cecum Diseases of the Appendix: Inflammation, Mucocele, and Tumors Diverticulosis Ulcerative Colitis Ileostomy and Colostomy Pouch Anal Anastomosis and Pouchitis Differentiating Features of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease Crohn's Disease and Complications and Surgical Therapy Perianal Disease in Crohn's Disease Drug Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Microscopic Colitis (Lymphocytic or Collagenous Colitis) Neoplasms of the Large Bowel: Colonic Polyps and Colon Cancer Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Polyposis Syndromes Rectal Cancer Hemorrhoids Rectal Prolapse and Procidentia Anal Fissure, Pruritus Ani, Papillitis, and Cryptitis Anorectal Abscess and Fistula Lymphogranuloma Venereum and Sexually Transmitted Proctitis Fecal Incontinence SECTION VI INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES OF THE ALIMENTARY TRACT Human Immunodeficiency Virus and the Gastrointestinal Tract Infectious Esophagitis Typhoid Fever (Paratyphoid Fever, Enteric Fever) Food Poisoning and Enteric Pathogens Clostridium difficile and Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis Abdominal Actinomycosis Amebiasis Giardia lamblia and Other Protozoan Infections Intestinal Helminths: Trichuriasis Enterobiasis Ascariasis Strongyloidiasis Hookworm Disease (Necatoriasis and Ancylostomiasis) Tapeworms (Cestodes) Other Helminth Infections: Trichinella spiralis and Flukes SECTION VII PANCREAS Development and Anatomy of the Pancreas Pancreatic Ducts and Exocrine and Endocrine Organs Pancreatic Physiology Cystic Fibrosis Acute Pancreatitis Chronic Pancreatitis Pancreatic Cancer Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) SECTION VIII GALLBLADDER AND BILE DUCTS Anatomy and Function of the Gallbladder Gallstone Acute Cholecystiti Cholecystitis: Complications C. S. Pitchumoni Chronic Cholecystitis Choledocholithiasis and Cholangitis Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction Preiampullary Cancer Gallbladder Carcinoma Cholangiocarcinoma SECTION IX LIVER Anatomy of the Liver Liver Function Tests Prothrombin Formation Bilirubin and Bile Acid Metabolism Clinical Manifestations of Cirrhosis Physical Diagnosis of Liver Disease Causes of Portal Hypertension Ascites Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatorenal Syndrome Variceal Bleeding Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Liver Biopsy Hepatic Necrosis Cirrhosis Imaging Studies of the Liver Alcoholic Liver Disease Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Seatohepatitis Extrahepatic Biliary Obstruction Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Autoimmune Hepatitis Acute Viral Hepatitis (Hepatitis A, D, E) Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis Caused by Other Viruses Hepatotoxicity Disorders of Bilirubin Transport a-Antitrypsin Deficiency Hereditary Hemochromatosis Liver Disease in Pregnancy Benign Liver Tumors Granulomatous Liver Diseases Wilson Disease Hepatocellular Carcinoma Liver Transplantation Other Infections of the Liver: Amebiasis, Spirochetes, Actinomycosis, Echicoccosis, Schistosomiasis Vascular Disorders of the Liver Bile Duct Cancer Metastatic Cancer Hepatic Trauma SECTION X NUTRITION AND GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE Dietary and Nutritional Assessment Macronutrients and Energy Micronutrient and Vitamin Deficiency Enteral Nutrition Dietary Fiber Parenteral Nutrition Malnutrition Obesity and Its Treatment Gastrointestinal Diseases Related to Nutrition
