Part I. The Nature of Machine Ethics: 1. The nature, importance, and difficulty of machine ethics James Moor; 2. Machine metaethics Susan Leigh Anderson; 3. Ethics for machines J. Storrs Hall; Part II. The Importance of Machine Ethics: 4. Why machine ethics? Colin Allen, Wendell Wallach and Iva Smit; 5. Authenticity in the age of digital companions Sherry Turkel; Part III. Issues Concerning Machine Ethics: 6. What matters to a machine? Drew McDermott; 7. Machine ethics and the idea of a more-than-human moral world Steve Torrance; 8. On computable morality: an examination of machines as moral advisors Blay Whitby; 9. When is a robot a moral agent? John Sullins; 10. Philosophical concerns with machine ethics Susan Leigh Anderson; 11. Computer systems: moral ethics but not moral agents Deborah G. Johnson; 12. On the morality of artificial agents Luciano Floridi; 13. Legal rights for machines: some fundamental concepts David J. Calverley; Part IV. Approaches to Machine Ethics: 14. Towards the ethical robot James Gips; 15. Asimov's laws of robotics: implications for information technology Roger Clarke; 16. The unacceptability of Asimov's 'three laws of robotics' as a basis for machine ethics Susan Leigh Anderson; 17. Computational models of ethical reasoning: challenges, initial steps, and future directions Bruce McLaren; 18. Computational neural modeling and the philosophy of ethics: reflections on the particularism-generalism debate Marcello Guarini; 19. Architectures and ethics for robots: constraint satisfaction as a unitary design framework Alan K. Mackworth; 20. Piagetian roboethics via category theory: moving beyond mere formal operations to engineer robots whose decisions are guaranteed to be ethically correct Selmer Bringsjord, Joshua Taylor, Bram van Heuveln, Konstantine Arkoudas, Micah Clark and Ralph Wojtowicz; 21. Ethical protocols design Matteo Turilli; 22. Modelling morality with prospective logic Luis Moniz Pereira and Ari Saptawijaya; 23. An integrated reasoning approach to moral decision-making Morteza Dehghani, Ken Forbus, Emmett Tomai and Matthew Klenk; 24. Prototyping n-reasons: a computer mediated ethics machine Peter Danielson; 25. There is no 'I' in 'robot': robots and utilitarianism Christopher Grau; 26. Prospects for a Kantian machine Thomas M. Powers; 27. A prima facie duty approach to machine ethics: machine learning of features of ethical dilemmas, prima facie duties and decision principles, through a dialogue with ethicists Susan Leigh Anderson and Michael Anderson; Part V. Visions for Machine Ethics: 28. What can AI do for ethics? Helen Seville and Debora G. Field; 29. Ethics for self-improving machines J. Storrs Hall; 30. How machines might help us to achieve breakthroughs in ethical theory and inspire us to behave better Susan Leigh Anderson; 31. Homo sapiens 2.0: building the better robots of our nature Eric Dietrich.