In recent years, traditional views of a rapidly growing British economy between 1700 and 1850 have been overturned by convincing new research indicating that British economic growth was, in fact, relatively slow during much of the so-called industrial revolution. This revisionist work, which is certain to profoundly affect any future scholarship on the subject, is the first to give a fully documented account of the new picture of British economic development that has recently emerged. Bringing together the results of the latest research, Crafts explores how the new growth estimates hold vital implications for our understanding of productivity, living standards, structural change, and international trade in 18th- and 19th-century Britain.