Countries in Latin America have only recently begun to liberalize their economies and move towards free trade. However, non-traditional barriers to trade threaten this new direction of development. This collection uses the point of view of a developing country to analyse the effects of new forms of protection. It introduces a theoretical framework to analyse the effects of standards and contingent protection. A series of studies examine the global effects on Latin American trade. Specifically, four case-studies examine the effects of these new forms of protection on: environmental standards, labour standards, consumer protection and the problems facing Latin America cross-border investment.