Preface and Acknowledgments ix
1 The First Americans: American Literature During the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods 1
Imagining Eden 1
Writing of the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods 1
2 Inventing Americas: The Making of American Literature 1800-1865 47
Making a Nation 47
The Making of American Myths 47
The Making of American Selves 59
The Making of Many Americas 71
The Making of an American Fiction and Poetry 90
3 Reconstructing the Past, Reimagining the Future: The Development of American Literature 1865-1900 115
Rebuilding a Nation 115
The Development of Literary Regionalisms 115
The Development of Literary Realism and Naturalism 130
The Development of Women's Writing 143
The Development of Many Americas 148
4 Making It New: The Emergence of Modern American Literature 1900-1945 159
Changing National Identities 159
Between Victorianism and Modernism 159
The Inventions of Modernism 176
Traditionalism, Politics, and Prophecy 211
Community and Identity 226
Mass Culture and the Writer 242
5 Negotiating the American Century: American Literature since 1945 249
Towards a Transnational Nation 249
Formalists and Confessionals 249
Public and Private Histories 263
Beats, Prophets, and Aesthetes 281
The Art and Politics of Race 296
Realism and Its Discontents 314
Language and Genre 328
Creating New Americas 345
Index 373