Each chapter begins with Introduction. 1. Recreation Programming: The Social Context. Recreation and Leisure in the Modern Community.
The Role of Programming.
Basic Concepts of Recreation, Play and Leisure.
Recreation Then and Now: An Overview.
Public Parks and Playgrounds.
Youth-Serving and Special Interest Organizations.
Growth of the Leisure Industry.
Professional Development and Identity.
Societal Trends Affecting Recreation.
New Emphases in Recreation Programming.
2. The Programming Process. Recreation Programs Defined.
Recognition of Programming's Importance.
Key Elements in Recreation Programming.
Traditional Approaches to Recreation Programming.
Guidelines for Program Planning.
Program Planning Approaches.
A Combined Approach: The Benefits-Driven Model.
The Program Development Cycle.
3. Setting the Stage: The Leisure-Service System. Understanding the Leisure-Service System.
Government's Role.
Voluntary, Nonprofit Community Organizations.
Commercial Recreation Businesses.
Private-Membership Organizations.
Therapeutic Recreation Service.
Recreation in the Armed Forces.
Employee Recreation Programs.
College and University-Sponsored Programs.
Leisure Service as a System.
4. Programming's Philosophical Base: The Benefits-Driven Approach. Purposes of Organized Recreation Service.
The Quality-of-Life Approach.
The Human-Services Approach.
Marketing Model of Leisure Service.
Benefits-Driven Approach.
Need for Broader Vision of Goals.
5. Establishing Program Goals and Objectives. The Role of Mission Statements.
Environmental Scans.
Systematic Needs Assessment.
Needs Assessment Methods.
Formulating New Program Goals and Objectives.
Other Program Planning Factors.
Other Considerations: Participants and Program Elements.
6. Analyzing Program Participants: Demographic Factors. Focus on Participants: Why and How?
Influence of Age on Leisure Needs and Choices.
Recreation Programming for Children.
Recreation, Leisure and Adolescence.
Recreation Programming for Adults.
Recreation for Elderly Persons.
Gender Influences on Recreation and Leisure.
Racial Aspects of Recreation Programming.
Programming for Persons with Disabilities.
7. Recreation Program Elements: Activities and Services. Overview of Recreation Program Areas.
Sports, Games, and Fitness Activities.
Outdoor Recreation and Environmental Activities.
Aquatic Program Activities.
Creative Pursuits: Arts, Crafts, and Related Hobbies.
Special Events.
Social Recreation and Club Activities.
Literary or Mental Forms of Recreation.
Life-Adjustment and Personal Enrichment Activities.
Social-Service Program Elements.
Factors Influencing Selection of Program Elements.
Activity Analysis.
Modification of Program Activities.
8. Recreation Leadership and Facilities Planning. The Role of Recreation Leadership.
Theories of Effective Leadership.
Leadership in Leisure-Service Agencies.
Position Classifications and Job Descriptions.
Personnel Process in Leisure-Service Agencies.
Improving Leadership Skills.
The Role of Facilities in Recreation Programming.
Traditional Types of Recreation Facilities.
New Trends in Leisure Facilities.
9. Developing the Program Plan. Role of the Program Plan.
The Program Plan's Format.
Content of the Program Plan.
Selection of Activities.
The Scheduling Process.
Determining Location of Program Offerings.
Staffing Elements in the Program Plan.
Revenue Sources and Pricing Policies.
The Program Plan: Process and Product.
10. The Program in Action: Operational Guidelines. Getting Under Way: Implementing the Program.
The Program Registration Process.
Ongoing Program Operations.
Legal Concerns and Risk Management.
Emphasis on Total Quality Programming.
11. Program Evaluation Methods and Management Information Systems. Meaning and Purpose of Program Evaluation.
Evaluation of Program Effectiveness.
Measurement of Participant Satisfaction.
Evaluation in the Research Literature.
Success in Meeting Administrative Goals.
Measurement of Program Quality.
Leadership Evaluation.
Facilities Evaluation.
Evaluation's Contribution to Management Information Systems.
Qualitative Evaluation Methods.
