PrefacePart I Elements1. Sound: Pitch, Dynamics, and Tone ColorPitch: Highnessor Lowness of SoundDynamicsTone ColorListening Outlines, Vocal Music Guides, and the Properties of SoundThe Firebird, Scene 2 by Igor StravinskyLISTENING OUTLINEC-Jam Blues, by Duke Ellington and His Famous OrchestraLISTENING OUTLINE2. Performing Media: Voices and InstrumentsVoicesMusical InstrumentsString InstrumentsWoodwind InstrumentsBrass InstrumentsPercussion InstrumentsKeyboard InstrumentsElectronic InstrumentsThe Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra, Op.34, by Benjamin BrittenLISTENING OUTLINE3. RhythmBeatMeterAccent and SyncopationTempo4. Music NotationNotating PitchNotating RhythmNotating Silence (Rests)Notating MeterThe Score5. Melody6. HarmonyConsonance and DissonanceThe TriadBroken Chords (Arpegios)Prelude in E Minor for Piano, Op. 28, No.4, by Frederic ChopinLISTENING OUTLINEPEFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE: Pianist Roger Kamien playing Chopin's Prelude in E Minor7. KeyThe Major ScaleThe Minor ScaleThe Key SignatureThe Chromatic ScaleModulation: Change of KeyTonic Key8. Musical TextureMonophonic TexturePolyphonic TextureHomophonic TextureChanges of TextureFarandole from L'Arlesienne (The Woman from Arles) Suite No.2, by Georges BizetLISTENING OUTLINE9. Musical FormTechniques That Create Musical FormRepetitionContrastVariationTypes of Musical FormThree-Part (Ternary) Form: A B ADance of the Reed Pipes from Nutcracker Suite, by Peter Ilyich TchaikovskyLISTENING OUTLINETwo-Part (Binary) Form: A BContradance No. 7 in E Flat from Twelve Contradances for Orchestra, by Ludwig van BeethovenLISTENING OUTLINEListening for Form10. Musical StylePart II The Middle Ages and Renaissance1. Music in the Middle Ages (450-1450)Gregorian ChantThe Church ModesAlleluia: Vidimus stellam (We have seen his star)VOCAL MUSIC GUIDEO Successores (You successors) by Hildegard of BingenVOCAL MUSIC GUIDESecular Music in the Middle AgesEstampieThe Development of Polyphony: OrganumSchool of Notre Dame: Measured RhythmFourteenth-Century Music: The New Art in FranceGuilaume de MachautPuis qu'en oubli sui de vous (Since I am forgotten by you)VOCAL MUSIC GUIDENotre Dame Mass: Agnus DeiVOCAL MUSIC GUIDEPERFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE: Andrew Parrott conducting the Agnus Dei from Machaut's Notre Dame Mass2. Music in the Renaissance (1450-1600)Characteristics of Renaissance MusicWord and MusicTextureRhythm and MelodySacred Music in the RenaissanceJosquin Desprez and the Renaissance MotetAve Maria...virgo serena (Hail Mary...serene virgin)VOCAL MUSIC GUIDEPalestrina and the Renaissance MassPope Marcellus Mass: KyrieSecular Music in the RenaissanceVocal Music: The Renaissance MadrigalAs Vesta Was Descending, by Thomas WeelkesVOCAL MUSIC GUIDEInstrumental MusicPassamezzo and Galiard, by Pierre Fransisque Caroubel, from Terpsichore, by Michael PraetoriusPart III The Baroque Period1. Baroque Music (1600-1750)Characteristics of Baroque MusicUnity of MoodRhythmMelodyDynamicsTextureChords and the Basso Continuo (Figured Bass)Words and MusicThe Baroque OrchestraBaroque Forms2. Music in Baroque Society3. The Concerto Grosso and Ritornello FormBrandenburg Concerto No.5 in D Major, by Johann Sebastian Bach: First MovementLISTENING OUTLINE4. The FugueOrgan Fugue in G Minor (Little Fugue), by Johann Sebastian BachLISTENING OUTLINE5. The Elements of Opera6. Opera in the Baroque Era7. Claudio MonteverdiOrfeo (Orpheus)VOCAL MUSIC GUIDE: Tu se morta (You are dead) 8. Henry PurcellGround BassDido and AeneasVOCAL MUSIC GUIDE: Dido's Lament9. The Baroque SonataTrio Sonata in A Minor, Op.3, No.10, by Arcangelo Corelli10. Antonio VivaldiLa Primavera (Spring), Concerto for Violin and String Orchestra, Op.8, No.1, from The Four SeasonsLISTENING OUTLINE: First MovementPERFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE: Violinist Jeanne Lamon plays and conducts Vivaldi's 'Spring' Concerto11. Johann Sebastian BachBach's Music12. The Baroque SuiteSuite No.3 in D Major, by Johann Sebastian Bach13. The Chorale and Church CantataThe Church CantataCantata No.140: Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme (Awake, a voice is calling us) by Johann Sebastian BachVOCAL MUSIC GUIDES: Fourth Movement; Seventh Movement 14. The Oratorio15. George Frideric HandelHandel's MusicMessiahVOCAL MUSIC GUIDES: Ev'ry Valley Shall Be Exalted; Hallelujah Chorus Part IV The Classical PeriodPerformance Perspective: Murray Perahia1. The Classical Style (1750-1820)Characteristics of the Classical StyleContrast of MoodRhythmTextureMelodyDynamics and the PianoThe End of the Basso ContinuoThe Classical OrchestraClassical Forms2. Composer, Patron, and Public in the Classical PeriodVienna3. Sonata FormExpositionDevelopmentRecapitulationCodaSymphony No.40 in G Minor, K.550, by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: First MovementLISTENING OUTLINE4. Theme and VariationsSymphony No.94 in G Major (Surprise), by Joseph Haydn: Second MovementLISTENING OUTLINE5. Minuet and TrioEine kleine Nachtmusik (A Little Night Music), by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Third MovementLISTENING OUTLINE6. RondoString Quartet in C Minor, Op.18, No.4, by Ludwig van Beethoven: Fourth MovementLISTENING OUTLINE7. The Classical Symphony8. The Classical Concerto9. Classical Chamber Music10. Joseph HadynHaydn's MusicTrumpet Concerto in E Flat Major: Third Movement11. Wolfgang Amadeus MozartMozart's MusicDon GiovanniAct I: Excerpt from Opening SceneAct 1: Madamina (Leporello's catalog aria)Symphony No.40 in G. Minor, K.550Piano Concerto No.23 in A Major, K.488LISTENING OUTLINE: First MovementPERFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE: Pianist Murray Perahia playing and conducting the first movement of Mozart's Piano Concerto in A Major, K. 48812. Ludwig Van BeethovenBeethoven's MusicPiano Sonata in C Minor, Op.13 (Pathetique)Symphony No.5 in C Minor, Op.67LISTENIG OUTLINES: First Movement; Second MovementPart V The Romantic Period1. Romanticism in Music (1820-1900)Characteristics of Romantic MusicIndividuality of StyleExpressive Aims and SubjectsNationalism and ExoticismProgram MusicExpressive Tone ColorColorful HarmonyExpanded Range of Dynamics, Pitch, and TempoForms: Miniature and Monumental2. Romantic Composers and Their Public3. The Art SongStrophic and Through-Composed FormThe Song Cycle4. Franz SchubertSchubert's MusicErlkonig (The Erlking)VOCAL MUSIC GUIDE5. Robert Schumann Robert Schumann's MusicCarnaval6. Clara Wieck SchumannClara Wieck Schumann's MusicLiebst du um Schonheit (If you love for beauty)VOCAL MUSIC GUIDE7. Frederic ChopinChopin's MusicNocturne in E Flat Major, Op.9, No.2LISTENING OUTLINEAetude in C Minor, Op.9, No.12LISTENING OUTLINEPolonaise in A Flat Major, Op.538. Franz LisztLiszt's MusicTranscendental Aetude No.10 in F Minor9. Felix MendelssohnMendelssohn's MusicConcerto for Violin and Orchestra in E Minor, Op.64: First Movement10. Program Music11. Hector BerliozBerlioz's MusicSymphonie fantastique (Fantastic Symphony)LISTENING OUTLINE: Fourth Movement12. Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century MusicThe Moldau, by Bed ich SmetanaLISTENING OUTLINE13. Antonin Dvo akSymphony No.9 in E Minor (From the New World)LISTENING OUTLINE14. Peter Ilyich TchaikovskyTchaikovsky's MusicRomeo and Juliet, Overture-Fantasy15. Johannes BrahmsBrahm's MusicSymphony No.3 in F Major, Op. 90LISTENING OUTLINE: Third Movement16. Giuseppe VerdiVerdi's MusicRigoletto17. Giacomo PucciniLa BohemeVOCAL MUSIC GUIDE: Act 1: From Mimi's entrance through Che gelida maninaPERFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE: Tenor Luciano Pavarotti singing the part of Rodolfo in Puccini's La Boheme18. Richard WagnerWagner's MusicDie Walkure (The Valkyrie)VOCAL MUSIC GUIDE: Act I, Love Scene, ConclusionPart VI The Twentieth CenturyPerformance Perspective: Bessie Smith1. Musical Styles: 1900-19501900-1945: An Age of Musical DiversityCharacteristics of Twentieth-Century MusicTone ColorHarmony(Consonance and dissonance; New chord structures)Alternatives to the Traditional Tonal SystemRhythm < h5>Melody2. Music and Musicians in Society3. Impressionism and SymbolismFrench Impressionist PaintingFrench Symbolist Poetry4. Claude DebussyDebussy's MusicPrelude a L'Apres-midi d'un faune (Prelude to The Afternoon of a FaunLISTENING OUTLINE5. Neoclassicism6. Igor StravinskyStravinsky's MusicLe Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring)LISTENING OUTLINE: Part I, Introduction, Omens of Spring--Dances of the Youths and Maidens, Ritual of Abduction7. Expressionism8. Arnold SchoenbergSchoenberg's MusicAtonalityThe Twelve-Tone SystemPierrot lunaire, Op.21VOCAL MUSIC GUIDE: Mondestrunken (Moondrunk)A Survivor from Warsaw, Op.46VOCAL MUSIC GUIDE9. Alban BergWozzeck10. Anton WebernWebern's MusicFive Pieces for Orchestra, Op.10LISTENING OUTLINE: Third Piece11. Bela BartokBartok's MusicConcerto for OrchestraLISTENING OUTLINE: Second Movement12. Charles IvesIves's MusicPutnam's Camp, Redding, Connecticut, from Three Places in New England13. George GershwinRhapsody in Blue14. William Grant StillAfro-American SymphonyLISTENING OUTLINE: Third Movement15. Aaron CoplandAppalachian SpringLISTENING OUTLINE: Theme and Variations on Simple Gifts16. Musical Styles Since 1945Characteristics of Music since 1945Increased Use of the Twelve-Tone SystemExtensions of the Twelve-Tone System: SerialismChance MusicMinimalist MusicMusical QuotationReturn to TonalityElectronic MusicLiberation of SoundMixed MediaRhythm and Form17. Music Since 1945: Four Representative PiecesSonatas and Interludes for Prepared Piano, by John CageSonata IIPoeme electronique (Electronic Poem), by Edgard VareseLISTENING OUTLINE: Opening SegmentShort Ride in a Fast Machine, by John AdamsLISTENING OUTLINEConcerto Grosso 1985, by Elen Taaffe ZwilichLISTENING OUTLINE: First Movement18. JazzJazz in SocietyRoots of JazzRagtimeBluesLost Your Head Blues, by Bessie SmithVOCAL MUSIC GUIDEPERFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE: Bessie Smith singing Lost Your Head BluesElements of JazzTone ColorImprovisationRhythm, Melody, and HarmonyJazz StylesNew Orleans StyleHotter Than That, by Louis Armstrong and His Hot FiveLISTENING OUTLINESwingBebopBloomdido, by Charlie ParkerCool JazzFree JazzJazz Rock (Fusion)Miles Runs the Voodo Down, by Miles Davis19. The American Musical and Music in FilmMusical TheaterElements of the MusicalDevelopment of the MusicalLeonard BernsteinWest Side StoryLISTENING OUTLINE: Tonight Ensemble 20. RockDevelopment of RockElements of RockTone ColorRhythmForm, Melody, and HarmonyLucy in the Sky with Diamonds, from Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts ClubBand, by the Beatles Part VII Nonwestern MusicPerformance Perspective: Ravi Shenkar1. Music in Nonwestern CulturesCharacteristics of Nonwestern MusicOral TraditionImprovisationVoicesInstrumentsMelody, Rhythm, and TextureInteraction between Nonwestern and Western Music2. Music in Sub-Saharan AfricaMusic in SocietyElements of African MusicRhythm and PercussionVocal MusicTextureAfrican InstrumentsIdiophonesMembranophonesAerophones and ChordophonesOmpehLISTENING OUTLINE3. Classical Music of IndiaPerformersImprovisationElements of Indian Classical MusicMelodic Structure: RagaRhythmic Structure: TalaInstrumentsi>Maru-Bihag, by Ravi Shankar PERFORMANCE PERSPECTIVE: Sitar player Ravi Shankar performing Maru-BihagAppendixes1. Glossary and Example Locator2. Chronology3. RecordingsAcknowledgmentsIndex
