Contents Preface Part One: Writing Processes 1. Understanding Rhetorical Situations Writing in College Rhetorical Situations Rhetorical Ecology Responding to Situations A Situation of Writing 2. Purpose and Audience Writing Processes Rhetorical Purpose Audience Transnational Audiences Visuals, Audience, and Purpose 3. Generating Ideas Strategies for Getting Started Reading Thinking Questioning Writing Remembering Wandering Discussing Viewing Dramatizing Experimenting 4. Drafting and Organizing Strategies for Drafting Strategies for Organizing Organizing by Time Organizing by Type of Content Organizing by Trait Spatial Organization 5. Revising Stages of Revising Revising Globally Revising Locally Revise Your Visuals Use Feedback to Revise Part Two: Thinking, Reading, and Viewing 6. Thinking Thinking Intellectual Standards Logic and Logical Fallacies Problem Solving Active Thinking Networked Thinking Visual Thinking 7. Reading and Viewing Reading Strategies for Active Reading Strategies for Viewing Part Three: Writing Projects 8. Writing to Narrate Narration Annotated Example: David P. Bardeen, Lives, Not Close Enough for Comfort Student Example: Summer Woods, A Southern State of Mind The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Diane Hamill Metzger, The Manipulation Game: Doing Life in Pennsylvania Side by Side Prepare and Respond Visual Narrative: Matt Madden, from 99 Ways to Tell a Story: Exercises in Style Mapping Your Situation Literacy Narratives Writing Projects Essay Literacy Narrative Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Visual Narratives Writing Process Guidelines Seeking Feedback Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation 9. Writing to Describe Description Annotated Example: Rachel Carson, From The Edge of the Sea Student Example: Ndidi Madu, NCAA Tournament Experience The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Jeffrey Tayler, The Sacred Grove of Oshogbo. Side by Side Prepare and Respond Mapping Your Situation Search Engine Optimization Writing Projects Essay Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Visuals That Describe Writing Process Guidelines Seeking Feedback Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation 10. Writing to Inform Informative Writing Annotated Example: Contemporary Hispanic Biography, Celia Cruz Student Example: Berthrude Albert, The Stand Against Social Injustice: Projects For Haiti, Inc. The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Lisa Hix, The Inside Scoop on the Fake Barf Industry. Side by Side Prepare and Respond Mapping Your Situation Writing Projects Essay Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Visuals that Inform Writing Process Guidelines Seeking Feedback Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation 11. Writing to Respond Writing to Respond Annotated Example: David Leavitt, Men in Love: Is Brokeback Mountain a Gay Film? Student Example: Alexandra Bargoot, Argument in Response to Importance of Education Lost in the Mix The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Ta-Nehisi Coates, Nothing is So Necessary for a Young Man.... Side by Side Prepare and Respond Two Common Organizational Strategies for Writing Responses Mapping Your Situation Writing Projects Essay Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Writing Process Guidelines Seeking Feedback Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation 12. Writing to Analyze Analysis Annotated Example: Tim Collins, Straight from the Heart. Student Example: Emilia Maria Nicky Cadiz, The Jersey Shore and Harper's Bazaar. The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Annalee Newitz, When Will White People Stop Making Movies like 'Avatar'? Side by Side Prepare and Respond Mapping Your Situation Writing Projects Essay Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Analyzing Visuals Writing Process Guidelines Seeking Feedback Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation 13. Writing to Evaluate Evaluation Annotated Example: Edward C. Baig, Review: Sony Tablet P Shows 2 Screens Aren't Better than 1. Student Example: Quang Ly, Have You Been Bitten? Evaluating the Twilight Craze. The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Sean McCoy, Square Water Bottle Raises $126K on Kickstarter: We Test It Out Side by Side Prepare and Respond Developing Criteria for an Evaluation Organizing an Evaluation Mapping Your Situation Writing Projects Essay Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Visuals and Evaluation Writing Process Guidelines Seeking Feedback Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation 14. Writing to Argue Argument Formal Argumentation Annotated Example: Pete Singer, Animal Rights. Student Example: Lauren Brooke Horn, The First-Year Dilemma: To Write or Not to Write? The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Tim Wise, Whites Swim in Racial Preference. Side by Side Prepare and Respond Organizational Approaches to Argument Mapping Your Situation Visuals and Argumentation Student Visual Example: Ian Rowe, A Day in the Life of Your Child on Adderall Student Visual Example: Hyesu Grace Kim, Self-Portrait Writing Projects Essay Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Writing Process Guidelines Seeking Feedback Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation 15. Writing to Propose Writing to Propose Annotated Example: Joan Didion, In Bed Student Example: Eric Trotta, Handling the Snakehead Invasion The Road to a Strong Thesis Example: Paul Goodman, A Proposal to Abolish Grading. Side by Side Prepare and Respond Organizational Approaches for Writing to Propose Mapping Your Situation College Research and Topic Proposals Writing Projects Essay Visual Digital Research Radical Revision Visuals and Proposals Writing Process Guidelines Thinking and Writing about the Chapter Reflection Discussion Threads Collaborating Writing Local Situation Part Four: Writing Visuals 16. Finding, Adapting, and Making Visuals Processes for Finding, Adapting, and Making Visuals Finding and Adapting Ethics and Locating/Adapting Visuals Making Visuals Student Example: The Roman Baths of England: A Visual History, Mariah O'Toole 17. Designing Documents Document Design Before: Traditional Report Format After: Report Design Makeover Understanding Design Processes Part Five: Writing Research 18. Planning and Conducting Research Research Developing a Research Plan Attributing Research Developing Criteria for Analyzing and Evaluating Sources Conducting Research Using Library Resources Using Online Resources Conducting Primary Research 19. Evaluating and Synthesizing Information Taking Notes Evaluating Sources Synthesis Synthesizing Research Quoting Research Paraphrasing Research Summarizing Research When to Quote, Paraphrase, and Summarize Avoid Plagiarism 20. Presenting and Documenting Research Student Example: Summer Woods, From Protest to Resistance Developing a Research Plan Locating and Evaluating Resources Mapping Your Research Attributing and Documenting Sources 21. Responding to Essay Exams Writing College-Level Essay Exams Preparing for Essay Exams Taking Essay Exams Credits Index