Acknowledgements Abbreviations Introduction Chapter Outline Part I. Iberian Feminism in the Age of Enlightenment 1. Situating Women in the Society of the Old Regime: The Other Spanish Enlightenment (Maria Victoria Lopez-Cordon) 2. New Inflections of a Long Polemic: The Debate between the Sexes in Enlightenment Spain (Monica Bolufer) 3. Women and Civic Motherhood (Elizabeth Franklin Lewis) 4. From the Traps of Love and the Yoke of Marriage to the Ideal of Friendship: Women Writers in the Eighteenth Century (Catherine M. Jaffe) 5. Feminism in Portugal before 1800 (Vanda Anastacio) 6. The Basque Enlightenment: New Visions of Gender in the Crises of the Old Regime (Bakarne Altonaga) Part II. The Long Nineteenth Century (1808-1920) 7. Historical Background: From Wars and Revolution to Constitutional Monarchy: Spain's Sporadic Path to Modernity, 1808-1919 (Maryellen Bieder) 8. Historical Context of Feminism and Women's Rights in Nineteenth-Century Portugal (Joao Esteves) 9. A Feminist Press Gains Ground in Spain, 1822-1866 (Christine Arkinstall) 10. Women Authors in the Romantic Tradition (1841-1884) and Early Feminist Thought (1861-1893) (Maryellen Bieder) 11. Forging a Nation for the Female Sex: Equality, Natural Law, and Citizenship in Spanish Feminist Essays, 1883-1920 (Christine Arkinstall) 12. First-Wave Feminisms, 1880-1919 (Maryellen Bieder) 13. Crossing Centuries, Crossing Words, 1804-1920: Women, Basque Society, and the Struggle for the Public Sphere (Amaia Alvarez Uria, Josune Munoz, Iratxe Retolaza) 14. Redefining the Cultural Periphery from Women's Trans-Atlantic Network: Spanish and Latin American Women of Letters in the Nineteenth Century (Pura Fernandez) Part III. The Iberian Feminist Movements Gain Strength Under Republics 1910-1939 15. Historical Context in Portugal (Deborah Madden) 16. Feminist Thought in Portugal 1900-1926 (Deborah Madden) 17. Historical Background in Spain (Roberta Johnson and Olga Castro). 18. First Wave Spanish Feminism Takes Flight in Castilian-, Catalan-, and Galician-speaking Spain (Roberta Johnson and Olga Castro) 19. Basque Feminist Trajectories in the 1930s: New Women between Change and Continuity (Miren Llona) Part IV. The Dictatorships of Antonio de Oliveira Salazar (1926-1974) and Francisco Franco (1939-1975) 20. Historical Overview of Portugal (Joao Esteves) and Spain (Roberta Johnson) 21. Portuguese Feminist Writing during the Estado Novo (Fatima Mariano) 22. Spanish Feminist Writing during the Franco Regime (1939-1975) (Roberta Johnson) 23. Galician Women under Franco: Resistance, Clandestine Politics, and Poetry as Gendered Symbolic Capital (Silvia Bermudez) 24. The Resurgence of Feminism in Catalonia (1970-1975) (Mary Nash) 25. Basque Women who Resisted: A Feminist Rereading of the Franco Period (Jone M. Hernandez Garcia, Maria Ruiz Torrado, and Iratxe Retolaza) Part V. A New Beginning: The Transition to Democracy and Iberian Second Wave Feminism (1974/1975-1994/1996) 26. Historical Overview (Ana Paula Ferreira, Silvia Bermudez, and Asuncion Bernardez Rodal) 27. Feminisms in Post-dictatorial Portugal (1972-1996) (Ana Paula Ferreira) 28. Equality and Difference Feminisms in the Castilian and Catalan Areas of Spain (Roberta Johnson) 29. Women above All: The Autonomous Basque Feminist Movement (1973- 1994) (Nerea Aresti and Maialen Aranguren) 30. Galician Feminism in the Democratic Era (Maria do Cebreiro Rabade Villar) Part VI. Iberian Feminisms' Diversity (1996-Present) 31. Historical Overview of Spain and Portugal (Silvia Bermudez, Asuncion Bernardez Rodal, and Ana Paula Ferreira) 32. The Spanish Equality/Difference Debate Continues (Roberta Johnson) 33. Catalan Feminisms from 1996 to the Present (Ma. Angeles Cabre) 34. Galician Feminisms Post-1996 (Maria do Cebreiro Rabade Villar) 35. Multifaceted Feminism: Promoting Diversity in the Twenty-First Century Basque Country (Jone M. Hernandez Garcia) 36. Bodies and Feminist Politics in Basque Society (Mari Luz Esteban) Epilogue. Some Remarks on Gender Indifference and the Eulogy from the Margins (Fina Birules). Notes Contributors Works Cited Index