The opening up of Eastern Europe raises new questions for the design of environmental policies and for international policy co-ordination. These questions are even more striking when the uncertainty of the political and economic context is taken into account. The essays should provide helpful background information to the understanding of the environmental consequences of the formerly planned economies in Eastern and Central Europe. The book contains the selected and edited proceedings of the Conference on Europe between East and South held in the early 90s, organized jointly by the Confederation of the European Economic Association (C.E.E.A.) and the Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei (FEEM).