SECTION I. Introduction 1: Eric Taylor: Development of the concept 2: Stephen P. Hinshaw and Richard M. Scheffler: ADHD in the 21st century: Biology, context, policy, and the need for integrative perspectives SECTION II. Aetiology and pathophysiology 3: Kate Langley: ADHD genetics 4: Edmund-Sonuga-Barke and Gordon Harold: Conceptualizing and investigating the role of the environment in ADHD: Correlate, cause, consequence, context and treatment 5: Barbara Franke and Jan K. Buitelaar: Gene-environment interactions 6: Kerstin Konrad, Adriana di Martino, and Yuta Aoki: Brain volumes and intrinsic brain connectivity in ADHD 7: Katya Rubia: ADHD brain function 8: Philip Shaw and Eszter Szekely: Insights from neuroanatomic imaging into ADHD throughout the lifespan 9: Daniel Brandeis, Sandra Loo, Grainne McLoughlin, Hartmut Heinrich, and Tobias Banaschewski,: Neurophysiology 10: David Coghill, Maggie Toplak, Sinead Rhodes, and Nicoletta Adamo: Cognitive functioning in ADHD: Inhibition, memory, temporal discounting, decision making, timing, and reaction time variability 11: Celine Ryckaert, Jonna Kuntsi, and Philip Asherson: Emotional dysregulation and ADHD 12: Sarah O Neill, Jeffrey M. Halperin, and David Coghill: Neuropsychological functioning and ADHD: A developmental perspective SECTION III. Epidemiology 13: Guilherme V. Polanczyk: Epidemiology SECTION IV. Clinical Presentation 14: Luis Augusto Rohde, Christian Kieling, and Giovanni Abrahao Salum: Current diagnostic criteria: DSM, ICD, and future perspectives 15: Stephen P. Becker and Russell A. Barkley: Sluggish cognitive tempo 16: Corina U. Greven, Jennifer. S. Richards, and Jan K. Buitelaar: Sex differences in ADHD 17: Melissa Mulraney and David Coghill: Quality of life and impairment in ADHD 18: Marios Adamou: Adult ADHD and employment 19: Philip Asherson, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, and Susan Young: Adult ADHD: Clinical presentation and assessment SECTION V. Comorbidity 20: Anita Thapar and Stephanie van Goozen: Conduct disorder in ADHD 21: Melissa Mulraney, Argyris Stringaris, and Eric Taylor: Irritability, disruptive mood, and ADHD 22: Cristal Oxley and Argyris Stringaris: Comorbidity: Depression and anxiety 23: Timothy Wilens, Nicholas Carrellas, and Joseph Biederman,: ADHD and substance misuse 24: Sven Boelte, Luise Poustka, and Hilde Geurts: Autism spectrum disorder 25: Emily Simonoff: Intellectual impairment and neurogenetic disorders 26: Aribert Rothenberger, Andreas Becker, Lillian-Geza Rothenberger, and Veit Roessner: Influence of tics and/or obsessive-compulsive behaviour on the phenomenology of ADHD 27: Christopher Gillberg, Elisabeth Fernell, I. Carina Gillberg, and Bjoern Kadesjoe: Developmental coordination disorder 28: Rosemary Tannock: ADHD and communication disorders 29: Erik G. Willcutt: ADHD and reading disorder 30: Melissa Mulraney, Emma Sciberras, and Michel Lecendreux: ADHD and sleep 31: Samuele Cortese and Marcel Romanos: The relationship of ADHD to obesity and allergy SECTION VI. Clinical Assessment 32: Marina Danckaerts and David Coghill: Children and adolescents: Assessment in everyday clinical practice 33: Sandra Kooij, Philip Asherson, and Michael Roesler: ADHD in adults, assessment issues SECTION VII. Interventions 34: Jim Swanson: Long-term outcomes in the multimodal treatment study of children with ADHD 35: David Daley and Saskia Van der Oord: Behavioural interventions for preschool ADHD 36: Manfred Doepfner and Saskia van der Oord: Cognitive-behavioural treatment in childhood and adolescence 37: Alexandra Philomena Lam and Alexandra Philipsen: Behavioural (adolescent / adult) 38: Edmund Sonuga-Barke and Samuele Cortese: Cognitive training approaches for ADHD: Can they be made more effective? 39: Martin Holtmann, Bjoern Albrecht, and Daniel Brandeis: Neurofeedback 40: Jan K. Buitelaar, Nanda Rommelse, Verena Ly, and Julia J. Rucklidge: Nutritional intervention for ADHD 41: Alessandro Zuddas, Tobias Banaschewski, David Coghill, and Mark A. Stein: ADHD treatment: Psychostimulants 42: Ralf W. Dittmann, Alexander Hage, Juan D. Pedraza, and Jeffrey H. Newcorn: Non-stimulants in the treatment of ADHD 43: Chris Hollis: ADHD and transitions to adult mental health services 44: Christine Merrell and Kapil Sayal: ADHD and school SECTION VIII. Clinical Management 45: David Coghill and Marina Danckaerts: Organizing and delivering treatment for ADHD 46: Philip Asherson and Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga: Treatment in Adult ADHD 47: David Coghill, Alessandro Zuddas, Luis Augusto Rohde, and Tobias Banaschewski: The next steps: Future clinical and research developments in ADHD