All chapters conclude with "Summary" and "References." I.PARENTING: CONCEPTS, CHALLENGES, AND CHANGES.
1.Parenting in Perspective. Concepts of Parenting.
Parenthood. Parenting. Parent Education.
2.The Changing Nature of Parenting: Infancy and Early Childhood. Parents and Infants.
Parents and Caregivers. Establishing Basic Trust. Attachment. Developing Reciprocity. Brain Development and Infant Stimulation.
Parents and Toddlers.
The Parents' Roles as Protectors. Coping with Growing Autonomy. Providing Learning Experiences.
Programs for Parents of Infants and Toddlers.
Parents and Preschool Children.
The Parents' Roles as Nurturers. Discipline versus Punishment. Self-Concept. Developing a Sense of Initiative. Providing Learning Experiences.
Programs for Parents of Preschool Children.
Developmental Needs of Parents.
3.The Changing Nature of Parenting: Middle Childhood and Adolescence. Parents and School-Age Children.
The Parents' Roles as Encouragers. Parenting Styles and Practices. Developing a Sense of Industry. Building a Healthy Self-Concept. Peer Relationships. Providing Learning Experiences.
Special Challenges of Preadolescence.
Programs for Parents of School-Age Children.
Parent Involvement in the Schools. Chapter I Programs. Parent Education via the Child's School.
Developmental Needs of Parents.
Parents of Adolescents.
Parent-Child Interactions. Developing a Sense of Identity. Rearing Adolescents in Contemporary Society. Adolescent Sexuality. Adolescent Substance Abuse.
Programs for Parents of Adolescents.
Developmental Needs of Parents.
4.The Changing Nature of Parenting: Later Life. Parents and Adult Children.
Parenting Young Adult Children.
Grandparenting.
Content and Meaning of the Grandparent Role. Variables Related to Grandparenting. Grandparents: A Potpourri.
Caring for Elderly Parents.
Types of Parent Care. Variables Related to Aid and Contact. Outcomes of Parent Care.
5.Becoming a More Effective Parent: Contemporary Strategies. Systematic Training for Effective Parenting.
The Goals of Misbehavior. Reflective Listening. Expressive Aspects of Communication. Natural and Logical Consequences. The Family Meeting. Other STEP Programs.
Active Parenting TODAY.
How to Talk So Kids Will Listen.
Parents as Teachers.
Nurturing Programs.
Assertive Discipline.
Research Related to Assertive Discipline.
The National Extension Parent Education Model.
Partners for Fragile Families.
Growing Together.
Achieve! Success for Young Fathers.
Strengthening Stepfamilies.
Comparison and Evaluation of Contemporary Strategies.
Similarities. Differences. Strengths and Limitations.
II.PARENTING: DIVERSE FAMILY TYPES.
6.Parenting in Diverse Cultures. Socioeconomic Differences in Parenting.
Quality of the Home Environment. Parenting Behaviors.
Parenting in African-American Families.
Demographics. Diverse Viewpoints of the African-American Family. Functions of African-American Families. Characteristics of African-American Culture That Affect Parenting. African-American Mothers. African-American Fathers. Rearing African-American Children. Resources for African-American Families. Future Research Needs.
Parenting in Mexican-American Families.
Demographics. Family Roles and Relationships. Rearing Mexican-American Children. Future Research Needs.
Parenting in Native American Families.
Demographics. Family Structure. Value Orientation. Parent-Child Interactions. The Indian Child Welfare Act. Future Research Needs.
Parenting in Asian-American Families.
Historical Perspectives. Demographics. Chinese-American Families. Japanese-American Families. Summary.
Similarities and Differences among Cultures.
7.Parenting in Single-Parent and Stepfamilies. Single-Parent Families.
Single Mothers. Single Fathers. Issues Related to Single Parenting. Services and Support for Single Parent Families.
Stepfamilies.
Issues for Stepfamilies. Stepmothers. Stepfathers. Children in Stepfamilies. Support for Stepfamilies.
8.Parenting in Families with Diverse Lifestyles. Dual-Career Families.
Characteristics of Dual-Career Families.
Dual-Earner Families.
Integration of Work and Family Roles and Responsibilities. Marital Relationships in Dual-Career and Dual-Earner Families. Children in Dual-Career and Dual-Earner Families. Support for Dual-Career and Dual-Earner Parents.
Cohabiting Parents.
Gay and Lesbian Parents.
Reasons Gays Marry and Become Parents. Gay Fathers. Lesbian Mothers. Effects of Homosexuality on Children. Alternative Routes to Parenthood for Gays and Lesbians. Gay Adoption and Foster Care. Support for Gay and Lesbian Parents.
III.PARENTING: RISKS AND ALTERNATIVES.
9.Parenting in High-Risk Families. Adolescent Parents.
The Problem. Outcomes. Parenting by Adolescents. Teenage Fathers. Programs for Teen Pregnancy and Parenthood.
Abusive Parents.
Types of Child Abuse/Neglect. Factors Contributing to Abuse. Effects of Abuse on Children. Familial Aspects of Abuse. Reporting Abuse. Support for Abusive Parents.
Homeless Families.
Incidence. Characteristics of Homeless Children. Support for Homeless Families.
10.Parenting Children with Exceptionalities. Reactions of Parents at Birth.
Types of Exceptionalities.
Physical Disabilities. Mental Retardation. Learning Disabilities. Communicative Disorders. Hearing Impairments. Visual Impairments/Blindness. Emotional/Behavioral Disorders. Developmental Delay. Giftedness.
Other At-Risk or Disabling Conditions.
Prematurity. Parental Substance Abuse. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
Challenges for Families with Exceptional Children.
Stress and Family Environment. Parent-Child Relationships. Resilient Children.
Support for Parents with Exceptional Children.
Legislation.
11.Alternatives to Biological Parenthood. Adoptive Parenthood.
Incidence. Characteristics of Adoptive Parents. Adopted Children. Outcomes of Adoption. Challenges to the Adoption Field.
Parenting via Assisted Reproduction.
Artificial Insemination by Donor. In-Vitro Fertilization. Surrogate Mothers. Other Innovations. Issues Relating to Assisted Reproduction. Outcomes for Children.
Foster Parenthood.
The Role of the Foster Parent. Children in Foster Care. Factors Affecting the Duration of Foster Care.
12.Alternatives for Child Care and Early Education. Need for Early Care and Education.
Selecting Alternative Care.
Types of Early Care and Education.
Caregiver in the Home. Family Child-Care Homes. Center-Based Care and Education.
Infant Care.
School-Age Children in Self Care.
Readiness for Self Care. Effects of Self Care. Families of Children in Self Care. Support for Children in Self Care. After-School Programs. Quality Care and Early Education Help for Parents.
Effects of Early Care and Education.
Effects on Cognitive Development. Effects on Emotional Development. Effects on Social Development.
Parental Satisfaction with Child Care.
In the Future.
Research Needs.
Other Preschool Programs.
Index. 